Eyes And Ears Assesement Flashcards
What is the Snellen vision test?
Test determining far sight of individuals; patients are asked to read letters from a chart
What is the Allen vision test?
Test determining far sight of individuals; patients are asked to identify images on a chart
What is the Jaeger test?
Test determining near sight of individuals; patients are asked to read text
What are ushihara cards used for?
Testing colour vision
What is ptosis?
Drooping of one or both of the eyelids
What is sarcoidosis?
Disease that creates granulomata (masses of immune cells)
What is pterygium?
A thickening of the conjuctive over the cornea
What are the 4 types of strabismus?
- Hypertropia
- Hypotropia
- Exotropia
- Esotropia
What is strabismus?
Misalignment of the eyes
What is hemianopia?
The loss of half the visual field in one or both eyes
What are mydriatic eye drops?
Eye drops that dialate the pupil; not to be used if a neurological assesement may be needed
What is the red light reflex?
Light reflecting off the back of the eye through the pupils; if absent or white, further investigation is needed
What is AMD?
Age-related macaulary degeneration; most common among chinese population
What is arcus senilis?
A deposition of lipids in the cornea; results in a cloudy ring around the iris
What is presbyopia?
Gradual loss of the ability to focus on nearby objects
What is glaucoma?
Group of eye diseases that damage the optic nerve
What are cataracts?
The clouding of the lens in one or both of the eyes
Why are pregnant women at risk for eye issues?
Reduced blood flow to the occular capillaries
What is anisocoria?
Uneven pupil size
What is miosis of the eyes?
Small/constricted pupils
What is mydriasis?
Large/dilated pupils
What is diplopia?
Double vision
What is amblyopia?
Reduced vision in one eye
What is blepharitis?
A disease of the eyelids where the skin thickens, flakes, and reddens
What is myopia?
Nearsightedness due to a long eye/fixation of light in front of thr retina
What is hyperopia?
Farsightedness due to a short eye/fixation of light behind the retina
What is asthenopia?
Eyestrain; develops after reading, computer work, etc.
What is astigmatism?
Image blurring due to a football-shaped cornea
What is nystagmus?
Involuntary, rhythmic wobbling of the eye
What is hyphema?
Blood in the anterior chamber of the eye
What is a chalazion?
A painless cyst in the eyelid that may be resolved with treatment
What is exophthalmos?
Protrusion of the eyeball out of the socket anteriorly
What is a hordeolum?
A tender mass on the edge of the eyelid
What is osteogenesis imperfecta?
A thinning of the sclera, making it appear blue
What is Horner syndrome?
Pupillary miosis and dilation lag; accompanied often by ptosis
What are Argyll Robertson pupils?
Pupils that accomadate with distance but do not dilate with bright light
What is Adie’s pupil?
One eye has a larger pupil that constricts slowly in light
What is coloboma?
Keyhole pupil; a gap in the iris
What is ototoxicity?
Medicine that may cause hearing loss or vestibular degeneration
How does mumps relate to hearing loss?
Can cause sensorineural deafness in infected individuals, or deafness in fetuses upon maternal exposure
What is otalgia?
Ear pain
What is presbycusis?
Gradual loss of hearing in both ears; common in aging individuals
What differs transient vertigo from persistent vertigo?
Time; transient is episodic, persistent, constant
What is otitis media?
Inflammation/infection in the middle ear
What is otitis externa?
Inflammation/infection in the outer ear
What is microtia?
Smallness or absence of the structure of the outer ear
What is macrotia?
Abnormally large structures of the outer ear
What is an edematous ear?
Swollen ear due to fluid buildup in or around the tissue
What is the whisper test?
Test evaluating ability to hear high frequency sounds by whispering words outside of the patients field of sight.
What is the Rinne test?
Examining the difference between bone and air conduction; a tuning fork is struck and placed on the mastoid process, then in front of the ear
What is the Weber test?
Determines lateral hearing ability; a tuning fork is struck and placed on the patients head (midline)
What is cerumen?
Earwax
What is sclerosis?
Distinctive areas of scarring; may effect the tympanic membrane
What is the Romberg test?
Testing balance/vestibular sense; patients should be able to stand feet together and tandem without falling
How might osteosclerosis impact hearing?
Fuse or prevent movement of the stapes, incus, and malleus
What is a tophi?
A mass on the ear surface caused by uric acid crystals
What are tympanostomy tubes?
Tubes inserted into the ear to drain fluid
