Skin, Eye, Ear, Respiratory, GI, Urinary, Repro Flashcards
Only Gram negative that is part of normal skin flora?
Actinobacter spp.
Most common agent in bacterial pyoderma?
Staph pseudintermedius
Which two pathogens are co-infective in ~50% cases of pyoderma?
Staph and Malassezia
Normal flora of the conjunctiva include which bacteria?
Staphylococcus Micrococcus Streptococcus Corynebacterium Bacillus spp.
Cryptococcus neoformans can cause what ocular disease in cats and dogs?
Chorioretinitis
Common causes of conjunctivitis in dogs?
B-hemolytic strep
Coagulase-positive staph
Most common fungal pathogen of cats?
Cryptococcus neoformans
Why should you avoid using repeated, short courses of antibiotics in cats with feline chronic rhinitis/sinusitis?
Selects for pseudomonas spp
Factors that contribute to GI antimicrobial defense
Gastric Acidity Peristalsis Mucus barrier Mucosal integrity Epithelial monolayer Bacterial interference
Factors that make up immune defense of GI system
Passive protection via colostrum
Active immunosurveillance
Common mucosal immune system (GALT, M cells, etc.)
Antimicrobial components of saliva
Ig Complement Lysoenzyme Lactoferrin Peroxidases Defensins
Antimicrobial components of intestines
Bile salts
Alpha and beta defensins (Paneth cells)
Clinical sign of canine adenovirus 1 (digestive tract)
Jaundice
Clinical sign of canine distemper virus (digestive tract)
Dental enamel hyperplasia
Clinical sign of canine oral papilloma virus (digestive tract)
Oral cavity warts
Which feline viruses are associated with stomatitis?
Feline calicivirus
FIV
FeLV
Oral granulomas in dogs are associated with which disease?
Histoplasma capsulatum
Staging of periodontal disease
Stage 1: gingivitis, but no attachment loss
Stage 2: Early periodontitis, <25% attachment loss
Stage 3 : Moderate periodontitis, 25-50% attachment loss
Stage 4: Advanced periodontitis, > 50% attachment loss
T/F? Vaccination decreases viral enteric infection
True
What factors increase risk of infection with enteric pathogens?
Young animals, especially neonates
Housed in close confinement
In most cases of diarrhea, a bacterial pathogen is not identified and antibiotics are not necessary. What is an exception to this?
Neonates
Neonates will deteriorate rapidly before culture and sensitivity results are available.
Why are parenteral antibiotics preferred in septic animals?
GI likely altered
Marked fluid loss may precede clinical signs of dehydration in which disease?
Hemorrhagic gastroenteritis
What are the antimicrobial defenses of the urinary tract?
Urine - washes out bacteria
Bacteria interference vis colonization of distal urethra
Glycoprotein layer (mucin)
Epithelial desquamation
Local and systemic immune system
