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Clinical Methods Final > Skin disorders & wounds > Flashcards

Skin disorders & wounds Flashcards

1
Q

what is the heaviest organ ?

A

skin

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2
Q

how many layers of skin?

A

epidermis

dermis

subcutaneous

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3
Q

which layer is thin and devoid of blood vessels and divided in to outer horny layer and inner cellular layer

A

epidermis

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4
Q

which layer Contains connective tissue, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, and hair follicles

A

dermis

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5
Q

which is the fat layer?

A

subcutaneous / hypodermis

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6
Q

what is melanin?

A

the brownish pigment of the skin, genetically determined, increased by sunlight.

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7
Q

what is a golden yellow pigment that exists in subcutaneous gat and in heavily keratinized areas like palms and soles

A

carotene

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8
Q

what is Oxyhemoglobin

A

a bright red pigment, predominates in arteries and capillaries.

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9
Q

what is the darker, somewhat bluer pigment from oxyhemoglobin losing its oxygen to the tissues

A

Deoxyhemoglobin

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10
Q

what are the 2 types of hair?

A

vellus - short fine

terminal - coarser, thicker

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11
Q

finger nails grow how long in a day?

A

0.1 mm

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12
Q

True or False. Sweat glands Produce a fatty substance that is secreted onto the skin surface through the hair follicles

A

False: sebaceous glands

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13
Q

what are the 2 types of sweat glands

A
  1. eccrine - control body temp, secrete onto skin surface

2. apocrine - in axillary & groin, open onto hair follicle

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14
Q

What is used in screening moles for melanoma?

A 
A- asymmetry
B- borders-- irregular
C- change in color 
D- diameter
E- elevation or enlargement
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15
Q

what is turgor

A

speedc with which, skin returns into place

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16
Q

what is mobility

A

lift skin and note ease with which it lifts up

17
Q

what is A slightly but uniformly pigmented macule or patch with a somewhat irregular border.

A

Café-Au-Lait Spot

18
Q

what is vitiligo?

A

Depigmented macules appear on the face, hands, feet, extensor surfaces.
Brown pigment is normal skin while the pale areas are vitiligo

19
Q

where is jaundice is reliably and most easily seen?

A

sclera

20
Q

what is the slapped cheek disease

A

fifth disease

21
Q

what is an immune-mediated disease that affects the skin. It occurs when the immune system mistakes the skin cells as a pathogen, and sends out faulty signals that speed up the growth cycle of skin cells.
Presents as silvery scaly lesions

A

psoriasis

22
Q

what is eczema?

A

skin rashes that are characterized by redness, skin edema (swelling), itching and dryness, crusting, flaking, blistering, cracking, oozing, or bleeding.
An allergic disease associated with asthma.

23
Q

what rash is shaped like a butterfly?

A

lupus malar rash

24
Q

what is plaque?

A

A patch of closely grouped papules

25
Q

what is a palpable solid lesion with distinct edges

A

nodule

26
Q

what is A vascular reaction involving the deep dermis or subcutaneous or submucosal tissues, representing localized edema caused by dilatation and increased permeability of the capillaries, and characterized by the development of giant wheals

A

angioedema

27
Q

A small raised lesion filled with clear fluid

A

vesicles

28
Q

another name for blister

A

bulla

29
Q

life threatening skin conditions that are Thought to be a hypersensitivity complex

A

erythema multiforme - Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) and Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)

30
Q

what are scales?

A

dry, horny build-up of dead skin cells that often flakes off the surface

31
Q

what is lichenification

A

Rough, thick epidermis with exaggerated skin lines.

32
Q

what are Linear or punctate erosions

A

excoriation

33
Q

stages of pressure ulcer

A

Stage 1: Skin is not broken but is red or discolored.
Stage 2: The epidermis is broken, creating a shallow open sore.
Stage 3: The break in the skin extends through the dermis into the subcutaneous and fat tissue.
Stage 4: The breakdown extends into the muscle and can extend to the bone. Usually lots of dead tissue and drainage are present.

34
Q

what are The least serious burns are those in which only the outer layer of skin is burned, but not all the way through.

A

1st degree

35
Q

When the first layer of skin has been burned through and the second layer of skin (dermis) also is burned, the injury is called a second-degree burn.

A

2nd degree

36
Q

The most serious burns involve all layers of the skin and cause permanent tissue damage. Fat, muscle and even bone may be affected. Areas may be charred black or appear dry and white. Difficulty inhaling and exhaling, carbon monoxide poisoning, or other toxic effects may occur if smoke inhalation accompanies the burn.

A

3rd degree

37
Q

what is commonly known as flesh-eating disease or flesh-eating bacteria syndrome

A

necrotizing fasciitis

Clinical Methods Final (9 decks)

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