respiratory test Flashcards
about 500 mL, the amount of air inspired during normal, relaxed breathing
tidal volume
about 3,100 mL, the additional air that can be forcibly inhaled after the inspiration of a normal tidal volume.
ispiratory reserve volume
about 1,200 mL, the additional air that can be forcibly exhaled after the expiration of a normal tidal volume.
expiratory reserve volume
about 1,200 mL, the volume of air still remaining in the lungs after the expiratory reserve vol. is exhaled.
residual volume
about 6,000 mL, is the maximum amount of air that can fill the lungs (equal to TV + IRV + ERV + RV).
total lung capacity
about 4,800 mL, is the total amount of air that can be expired after fully inhaling ( is = TV + IRV + ERV = approximately 80 percent TLC). The value varies according to age and body size
vital capacity
about 3,600 mL, is the maximum amount of air that can be inspired (is = TV + IRV).
inspiratory capacity
about 2,400 mL, is the amount of air remaining in the lungs after a normal expiration (is = RV + ERV).
functional reserve capacity
what is normal FEV1/FVC ratio?
80
what is obstructive lung disease?
Involves difficulty exhaling all the air from the lungs.
Because of damage to the lungs or narrowing of the airways inside the lungs, exhaled air comes out more slowly than normal.
At the end of a full exhalation, an abnormally high amount of air may still linger in the lungs
FEV1 reduced
FEV1/FVC ratio < 70
what is restrictive lung disease?
Results from a condition causing stiffness in the lungs themselves.
In other cases, stiffness of the chest wall, weak muscles, or damaged nerves may cause the restriction in lung expansion
FEV1 & FVC equally reduced
FEV! > 80
examples of obstructive?
COPD
Asthma
examples of restrictive?
Pulmonary fibrosis
Sarcoidosis
what are abnormals of PaCO2 ?
high = resp. acidosis, hypercapnia low = resp. alkolosis, hypocapnia
what are abnormals of HCO3
low = metabolic acidosis high = metabolic alkalosis.
