Skin Disorders And Diseases

Question 1

Lesions

Answer 1

structural changes in the tissues caused by damage or injury. Any mark, wound, or irregularity is described as a lesion. The three types of lesions are primary, secondary, and tertiary

Question 2

Primary Lesions

Answer 2

lesions in the initial stages of development or change. The lesions are a different color than the surrounding skin and can be flat and/or raised above the skin’s surface

Question 3

Secondary Skin Lesions

Answer 3

characterized by an accumulation of material on the skin surface, such as a crust or scab, or by depressions in the skin surface, such as an ulcer. These may require a medical referral

Question 4

Milia

Answer 4

are tiny benign (harmless), keratin-filled cysts that appear just under the epidermis and have no visible opening. They develop when skin flakes become trapped in small pockets near the skin’s surface.

Question 5

Acne

Answer 5

a skin disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands from retained secretions and bacteria known as Propionibacterium acnes

Question 6

Epidermoid cyst

Answer 6

also known as sebaceous cyst; large, protruding, pocketlike lesion filled with keratin; frequently seen on the scalp and back

Question 7

Seborrheic Dermatitis

Answer 7

a skin condition caused by chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands and is often characterized by redness, dry or oily scaling, stubborn dandruff, crusting, and/or itchiness

Question 8

Anhidrosis

Answer 8

a deficiency in perspiration or the inability to sweat; it is often a result of damage to autonomic nerves. This

Question 9

Bromhidrosis

Answer 9

foul-smelling perspiration, usually noticeable in the armpits or on the feet, generally caused by bacteria

Question 10

Dermatitus

Answer 10

a generalized term for any inflammatory skin condition. Various forms include lesions such as eczema, vesicles, or papules. Referral

Question 11

Eczema

Answer 11

is an uncomfortable inflammatory skin disease that is often chronic. It is characterized by moderate to severe inflammation, scaling, and sometimes severe itching. There are several different types of eczema. The most common is atopic eczema, which is a genetic disorder

Question 12

Impetigo

Answer 12

a contagious bacterial skin infection characterized by weeping lesions. Staphylococcus bacteria usually cause it. Impetigo typically occurs on the face (especially around the nasal passages) and is most frequently seen in children, although it can manifest at any age

Question 13

Herpes Simplex 1

Answer 13

a recurring viral infection that often presents as a fever blister or cold sore, although many people have no symptoms. It is characterized by the eruption of a single vesicle or group of vesicles on a red swollen base. The blisters usually appear on the lips, nostrils, or other part of the face

Question 14

Hypertrophy

Answer 14

an irregular growth of the skin. Many hypertrophies are benign (harmless).

Question 15

Keratoma

Answer 15

an acquired superficial thickened patch of epidermis. A callus is a keratoma caused by repeated pressure or friction on any part of the skin, especially the hands and feet

Question 16

Mole

Answer 16

a small spot or blemish on the skin. Moles range in color from pale tan to brown or bluish black. Some moles are small and flat, resembling freckles; others are raised and darker in color

Question 17

Verruca

Answer 17

also known as a wart, is a hypertrophy of the papillae and epidermis. It is caused by a virus and is infectious

Question 18

Chloasma

Answer 18

a condition characterized by hyperpigmentation in spots that are not elevated and is generally caused by cumulative sun exposure or aging

Question 19

Lentigines

Answer 19

the technical term for freckles—small yellow to brown spots on skin exposed to sunlight and air

Question 20

Melasma

Answer 20

also known as the mask of pregnancy, is a type of hormonal hyperpigmentation disorder that appears during pregnancy or with the use of birth control pills. It has an identifiable pattern of solid fairly symmetrical hyperpigmentation, often on the forehead, cheeks, upper lip, and chin

Question 21

Nevus

Answer 21

also known as a birthmark, is a malformation of the skin due to irregular pigmentation or dilated capillaries

Question 22

Stain

Answer 22

an irregular brown or wine-colored skin discoloration with a circular or irregular shape. The permanent color is due to the presence of darker pigment. Stains can be present at birth, or they can appear during aging; after certain diseases; or after the disappearance of moles, freckles, and age spots.

Question 23

Leukoderma

Answer 23

a skin disorder characterized by light or white irregular patches (hypopigmentation) caused by a burn, a scar, inflammation, or a congenital disease that destroys the pigment-producing cells. Examples are vitiligo and albinism.

Question 24

Retention hyperkeratosis

Answer 24

the hereditary tendency for acne-prone skin to retain dead cells in the follicle, forming an obstruction that clogs follicles and exacerbates inflammatory acne lesions, such as papules and pustules.

Question 25

Intrinsic factors

Answer 25

Skin-aging factors over which there is little control

Question 26

Extrinsic factors

Answer 26

environmental factors that contribute to skin aging

Question 27

Free radicals

Answer 27

unstable molecules that cause biochemical aging. These molecules, over time, can have a devastating effect on the body, causing skin wrinkling and sagging, particularly on the face and neck.

Question 28

Bullae

Answer 28

A big blister caused by contact dermatitis and large second-degree burns is an example of primary lesions called

Question 29

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Answer 29

It is characterized by scaly red or pink papules or nodules.

Question 30

Keloid

Answer 30

a thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue