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Pharmacology > Skin Conditions > Flashcards

Skin Conditions Flashcards

0
Q

Disinfectant

A

Decreases the # of microorganisms on inanimate objects

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1
Q

Bactericidal agent

A

Kills bacteria

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2
Q

Bacteriostatic agent

A

Agent that inhibits or retards the growth of bacteria

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3
Q

Keratolytic agent

A

Causes or promotes shedding of the skin

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4
Q

Antiseptic

A

Reduces, prevents or inhibits the growth of microorganisms

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5
Q

Vehicle

A

Inactive agent that carries medicinal ingredients

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6
Q

Bath

A

Method of cleansing or treating the body therapeuticly

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7
Q

Emollient

A

Softens and smooths the surface to which it is applied, usually the skin

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8
Q

Skin cleansers

A

Agent used to remove debris, bacteria, and waste products from the skin

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9
Q

Proteolytic enzyme

A

Enzyme that helps brake down proteins into useable peptides

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10
Q

List the common symptoms of skin disorders

A

Inflammation, dermatolic lesions, eruptions dehydration, erythema & edema

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11
Q

Common side effects of meds for skin disorders

A

Thinning of skin, dryness, burning, pruritis, rash & irritation

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12
Q

Factors that affect the rate of medication absorption through the skin

A

Form of drug, size of molecules, base of medication

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13
Q

What is the function on baths

A

Cleanse skin, lower body temp & administer meds

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14
Q

Which type of skin should bathe more often

A

Oily

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15
Q

Persons with dry skin should use what types of lotion to hydrate the skin

A

Oil based

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16
Q

What type of lotions should people with dry skin avoid

A

Alcohol based

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17
Q

Soaps need to be rinsed off due to what effect

A

Drying effect on skin

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18
Q

Why is friction important to proper hand washing

A

Removes dead skin and bacteria

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19
Q

What are emollients

A

Fatty or oily substances used on irritated skin

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20
Q

What are emollients commonly made from

A

Lanolin, protrolum jelly, vitamin A, D, E

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21
Q

What are emollients used for

A

Soothing effects

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22
Q

Can skin preparations be used on a daily basis

A

Yes

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23
Q

What are lotions / what are they used for

A

Liquids that have an insoluble powder or suspension

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24
Q

What are lotions used for

A

Dressings, contact dermatitis, insect bites & prickly heat

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25
Q

What are rubs and liniments used for

A

Relief of pain on intact skin

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26
Q

When using rubs and liniments does skin need to be intact

A

Yes

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27
Q

Should you apply heat after application of a rub or liniment

A

No

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28
Q

What are topical corticosteroids used for

A

Relieve inflammation, pruritis, contact dermatitis, insect bites, minor burns, psoriasis & eczema

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29
Q

Are corticosteroids OTC prescription

A

Both

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30
Q

How should corticosteroids be applied

A

Topically - very thin film rubbed into the skin

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31
Q

Do corticosteroids have systemic effects

A

Yes

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32
Q

Are corticosteroids safe for long term use with diaper rash

A

No - ( because toxic systemic absorption )

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33
Q

What do you need to teach patients regarding corticosteroid use

A

Care should be taken so they don’t come into contact with eyes, don’t use on weeping or denuded areas, avoid prolonged sunlight, should only be used for short periods of time

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34
Q

Topical corticosteroids come in what forms

A

Lotions, ointments, creams, gels & aerosol sprays

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35
Q

List the common areas where we apply topical fungal preparations

A

Feet, where its dark and moist - also on hair skin and nails

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36
Q

What are topical fungal preparations used to treat

A

Candida & tinea infections

37
Q

Do we use occlusive dressings with antifungal treatments

A

No

38
Q

Are they available OTC, prescription or both

A

Both

39
Q

What do you need to teach patients regarding fungal preparations

A

They should use completely even if symptoms improve

40
Q

What is acne vulgaris

A

Increase sebum production & increase formation of keratin

41
Q

What is involved in the treatment of acne vulgaris

A

Sebum and bacteria

42
Q

What two forms of antibiotics can we use to treat acne

A

Topical & systemic

43
Q

What are common side effects of acne meds

A

Dryness, scaling, peeling, burning, itching, stinging, tenderness, & erythema

44
Q

Can acne meds aggravate the condition before becoming effective

A

Yes - all of them

45
Q

Are acne meds available OTC, prescription or both

A

Both

46
Q

Patients with acne should wear which type of cosmetics

A

None or waterbased

47
Q

What vitamin should pregnant women avoid in treatment of acne

A

A

48
Q

What are keratolytics used to treat

A

Dandruff, seborehic dermatitis, acne & warts

49
Q

What do keratolytics promote

A

Shedding of horny layer of the skin

50
Q

What are the side effects both locally and systemically of keratolytics

A

Local side effects include burning and irritation

Systemic side effects include tinnitus, dizziness, headaches & ototoxicity

51
Q

What is seborrhic dermititis

A

Inflammation and scaling of face

52
Q

Where does seborrhic dermatitis start

A

On face

53
Q

Where is seborrhic dermatitis usually found

A

Underarms, chest, anogenital areas

54
Q

Can you use antifungals in treatment of seborrhic dermatitis

A

Yes

55
Q

What is the most common seborrhic dermatitis medicatin form for application

A

Shampoo

56
Q

Are seborrhic dermatitis meds OTC, prescription or both

A

Both

57
Q

What are seborrhic dermatitis med side effects

A

Skin irritation is most common side effect

58
Q

What are most common ingredients in seborrhic dermititis meds

A

Selenium & zinc

59
Q

Do seborrhic dermititis meds commonly contain antibiotics

A

No

60
Q

Topical anethetics are commonly used for what conditions

A

Itching of skin or mucous membrane

61
Q

Topical anesthetics are used in what application forms

A

Lotions, creams, ointment, gels, aerosol sprays, solutions, otic and ophthalmic preparations

62
Q

What is the most common medication used for second and third degree burns

A

Silver sulfandiazine

63
Q

What form(s) of sulfonamides are used with burns

A

Cream

64
Q

When do we apply sulfonamides to burns - before or after debridement

A

After

65
Q

What are proteolytic enzymes used to treat

A

Used to debride tissue of debris & exudates with burns

66
Q

Scabicides & pediculacides are used for treatment of what conditions

A

Kills scabies and lice

67
Q

Scabicides and pediculacides are applied in what forms? For how long

A

Shampoo 4 mins

Cream 12 hrs

68
Q

Can you treat with Scabicides and pediculacides as often as desired? Why/why not

A

No. They can cause central nervous system damage

69
Q

Scabicides and pediculacides: who needs to be treated and why

A

All household & any sexual partners all at the same time

70
Q

What are some common meds that increase photosensitivity

A

Tetracyclined & solfonimites

71
Q

What prophylactic measures should be takin when exposed to UVR

A

Sunscreen, protective clothing, hats

72
Q

How is SPF arrived at

What is formula

A

Ration between exposure of UVR waves and time required to cause erythema with or without sunscreen

73
Q

How does SPF number relate to a tan and length of time safely spent in the sun

A

The higher the SPF the longer it takes to develop a tan

74
Q

Why do we recommend sunscreen

A

Any exposure causes premature aging and cancer

75
Q

What is minoxidil used for and how often is it applied

A

Baldness. Twice a day, at least daily

76
Q

What is fluorouracil used to treat

A

Actinic keratosis and superficial Basel cell carcinoma

77
Q

How does fluorouracil work

A

Irritates skin causing tissue disintegration - causes necrosis and ulceration then it heals

78
Q

Is it good to use an oral antihistamine along with a topical that contains the same drug

A

No

79
Q

What is the med of choice for chickenpox pruritis

A

Calamine lotion

80
Q

What is phenol used to treat

A

Itching

81
Q

When you see -caine ending a drug name you can usually classify the drug to what type of agent

A

Numbing or anathetic agent

82
Q

Topical anti-viral medication should be applied at what frequency per day

A

Up to seven times a day ( every day )

83
Q

Should you wear gloves for administration of topical anti-viral meds

A

Yes

84
Q

Is it important to apply topical meds to clean/cleansed skin

A

Yes

85
Q

Water based meds are better absorbed when patient is well hydrated

A

Yes

86
Q

In respect to fat soluble and water soluble drugs which is more readily absorbed as excreted through skin

A

Water soluble

87
Q

Do skin cleansers contain soap

A

No

88
Q

Do we use topical anti-infective meds on deep penetrating wounds

A

No

89
Q

Does the thickness of skin have anything to do with the speed of med absorption

A

Yes

Pharmacology (12 decks)

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