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Medications For Disorders Of The Eye And Ear Flashcards

0
Q

Miosis

A

Constriction of pupil

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1
Q

Myopia

A

Nearsightedness

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2
Q

Mydriasis

A

Dilation of pupil

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3
Q

Drugs may be used to obtain mydriasis and miosis with

A

Ocular exams and treatment of eye disease

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4
Q

Nystagmus

A

Constant involuntary movement of the eye in any direction

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5
Q

Presbyopia

A

Inability of lens to accommodate to near objects because of the rigidity of the lens caused by aging

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6
Q

Cholinergic

A

Agent that acts to transmit nerve stimulations in the parasympathetic nervous system - causes constriction of pupil

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7
Q

Anti-cholinergic

A

Agent that blocks parasympathetic nerve impulse - causes dilation

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8
Q

Otic solution

Otic preparation

A

Medication used in ear

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9
Q

Ophthalmic preparation

A

Meds used in eye - may cause systemic effects

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10
Q

Cytoplegic

A

Paralysis of ciliary muscle

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11
Q

Localized, purulent, inflammatory bacterial infection of sebaceous glands of the eyelid
Also called- sty

A

Hordeolum

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12
Q

Acute inflammation of the conjunctiva from bacterial or viral infection
Also called - pinkeye

A

Conjunctivitis

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13
Q

Inflammation of the eyelids from bacterial infection or allergies

A

Blepharitis

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14
Q

Hard eyelid cyst resulting from chronic inflammation of a meibomian gland

A

Chalazion

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15
Q

Inflammation of the cornea

A

Keratitis

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16
Q

Abnormal intolerance to light

A

Photophobia

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17
Q

Opacity on or in the lens or capsule of the eye-

Loss of transparency

A

Cataract

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18
Q

Change in shape of the lens of the eye to adjust to viewing objects of different distances

A

Accommodation

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19
Q

Disease of the eye characterized by increased intraocular pressure

A

Glaucoma

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20
Q

Inflammation of iris, choroids and ciliary body

A

Uveitis

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21
Q

Ataxia

A

Difficulty with balance

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22
Q

Tinnitus

A

Ringing in the ear

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23
Q

Auralgia

A

Ear pain.

Also called otalgia or otodynia

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24
Parasthesia
Tingling or numbness
25
Sense that the environment or oneself is revolving
Vertigo
26
Common symptoms of eye disorders
Visual disturbances, eye redness, pain or burning in or around the eye
27
List common symptoms of ear disorders
Vertigo, loss of hearing, tinnitus, ear pain (otalgia)
28
What may the patient using ophthalmic medications experience
Blurred vision, photophobia, headache, changes in intraocular pressure
29
What may the patient using otic medications experience
Tinnitus, itching of ear canal, dizziness
30
Are there side effects to most eye and ear meds?
Yes
31
Can any topical medication be used in the ear or in the eye?
No
32
Are ophthalmic anti-inflammatory and anti-infection agents effective on mucus membranes and do they penetrate the eye?
Are effective on mucus membranes Do not readily penetrate the eye
33
How do we discourage drug resistant strains of antibiotics
Administer antibiotic locally so that it's not inside body- but on body
34
What do we do for treatment of viral infection
Treat both eyes
35
How do we irrigate eyes to prevent cross-contamination
Head should be turned toward infected side
36
Do we need to culture eye secretions? When?
Yes, before we treat
37
Agents used for glaucoma: do we use topical agents, systemic or both?
Both
38
What actions do beta-blockers have?
Decrease production of aquas humar lowering intraocular pressure
39
What is the function of miotics (cholinergic)
Allow outflow of aquas humar
40
What are the side effects of miotics
Many - blurred vision, myopia, irritation, headaches
41
What is the function of sympathomimetics
Mimics sympathetic nervous system Dilates pupil
42
What is the function of osmotic diuretics
Used to reduce intraocular pressure
43
Are mydriatics safe for most compromised cardiovascular patients? why/why not?
Not safe Increase heart rate
44
What are the side effects of topical corticosteroids
Burning, tearing, blurred vision, headache, eye pain
45
Artificial tears
Lubricate eyes, moisten contact lenses, remove debris
46
Cromolyn sodium
Used for: allergic reactions of the eye - by self can cause burning and stinging
47
Fluorescein sodium
A non-toxic, water soluble dye used to stain corneal lesions
48
most common preparation forms of otic anti-infective agents
Instillation and irrigations
49
Most common use of otic anti-infective agents
Reduce swelling, promote drainage of infections & relieve pruritis
50
Most common side effects of anti-infective agents
Irritation, swelling, uticaria
51
Are the following drug classes used as otic anti-infectives; drying agents, antibiotics, corticosteroids, and combo products
Drying agents, antibiotics, & corticosteroids not combo products
52
What are cerumenolytics used for
Softening earwax
53
Is it common for ear medications to contain more than one ingredient
Yes to treat more than one symptom
54
What are some ear analgesics Do they need to be warmed
Glycerin, warmed mineral oil, sweet oil, benzocaine medications Need to be warmed pre-use
55
What are the symptoms of ototoxicity
Severe headache, tinnitus, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, ataxia, difficulty with equilibrium
56
What is tonometry
Measurement of intraocular pressure; used to diagnose glaucoma
57
Are local anesthetic agents used with tonometry
Yes
58
What do we warn patient about with tonometry
Loss of blink reflex & increase possibility of injury
59
Do allied health professionals treat a draining ear without MD input?
No
60
How do you store eye and ear medications for safe dispensing and administration
Store separately, use different shelves for internal vs external meds & do not store similar names next to each other
61
Do drugs for vertigo have side effects
Yes. Drowsiness
62
What do we warn the patient about operating equipment with vertigo drugs
Be careful | Don't do until know how it affects you
63
Is it possible for systemic medications to have ocular effects
Yes. Blurred vision miosis & altered colored vision
64
Corticosteroids may have what ocular effect
Cataracts & intraocular pressure
65
Ibuprofen may have what ocular effect
Blurred vision, altered color vision
66
OTC ophthalmic meds are always safe for use because they have been FDA approved
False
67
What patient teaching should be involved with the use of anti-cholinergic medications
Wear sunglasses to protect eyes, | Dark environments are preferred

Pharmacology (12 decks)

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