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NMF: dermatology > Skin cancer > Flashcards

Skin cancer Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What risk factor is most important for melanoma development ?

A

UV exposure

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2
Q

Where are melanoma found on

a) men?
b) women?

A

intermittently exposed sites to UV

a) backs
b) legs

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3
Q

What are the risk factors for developing melanoma?

A 
personal/family hx
large no of moles +/- abnormal
hx of excess sun
sunbed use
multiple sunburn
fairer skin
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4
Q

What are the major criteria for changing moles ?melanoma?

A

change in shape, size or colour

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5
Q

What are the minor criteria for changing moles ?melanoma?

A

diameter >6mm
bleeding
sensory changes
inflammation

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6
Q

What are the four main types of melanoma?

A

superficial spreading
nodular
lentigo maligna melanoma
acral

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7
Q

What is the best indication we have for melanoma prognosis?

A

Breslow thickness (granular layer to deepest invading cell)

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8
Q

How is malignant melanoma treated?

A

Surgical excision +/- sentinel node biopsy

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9
Q

How does a BCC present?

A

slow-growing skin lesion
6 months present
crusts and scabs

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10
Q

What does a BCC look like?

A

raised, rolled edge
telangiectasis
pearly
central ulceration

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11
Q

Do BCCs metastise?

A

no, locally invasive

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12
Q

Which type of BCC is hard to clear surgically? how is it done?

A

infiltrative as unclear borders

do MOHS surgery

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13
Q

How are superficial BCCs managed?

A

imiquimod
cryotherapy
phototherapy

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14
Q

What are actinic keratoses?

A

dysplastic keratinocytes

SCC precursor

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15
Q

What is bowen’s disease?

A

full thickness dysplasia/ carcinoma in situ

SCC precursor

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16
Q

What does an actinic keratoses look like?

A

scaly, erythematous papule on sun exposed site

17
Q

What does Bowens disease look like?

A

erythematous scaly plaque

classically on lower legs of older ladies

18
Q

How is AC managed?

A

cryotherapy

19
Q

How is BD managed?

A

small biopsy

non surgical: imiquimod, 5FU, cryotherapy, photodynamic therapy

20
Q

How do SCC present?

A

faster growing
2-3 months
may be tender

21
Q

Can SCC metastasise?

A

yes

22
Q

What do SCC look like?

A

scaly or ulcerated nodules

23
Q

What should be included in initial assessment of ?SCC?

A

palpation of regional lymph nodes

24
Q

What body sites are high risk for SCC metastases?

A

ears
lips
mucous membranes

25
Q

What does a benign junctional naevus look like?

A

flat brown mole

26
Q

What does a benign compound naevus look like?

A

raised brown mole

27
Q

What does a benign intradermal naevus look like?

A

raised skin-coloured mole

28
Q

Which type of UV radiation causes sun burn?

A

UVB

NMF: dermatology (8 decks)

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