Skin cancer Flashcards
List three risk factors for malignant melanoma
Sunlight exposure Fair skinned (low fitzpatrick skin type) High no. moles \+ FH Incr age Immunosuppression
Which system can you use to assess potential cancerous skin lesion
ABCDE Assymetry Border Colour Diameter >6 mm Evolving/elevation
List three types of malignant melanoma
Superficial spreading Lentigo maligna melanoma (head and neck) Nodular melanoma Amelanotic Acral lentiginous
Which is the most common type of malignant melanoma
Superficial spreading
Which type of melanoma forms on the palms/soles/subungal? Which demographic are affected most by this type?
acral lentiginous
Asian/black
Which melanoma has the best prognosis and which the worst?
superficial spreading= best, grows slowely metastasizes late
Nodular melanoma= worst, invades deeply and metastasis early
List two poor prognostic indicators for melanoma?
male sex satellite lesions- lymphatic spread ulceration mitotic rate tumour thickness extent of metastasis sun exposure (tumour vs non tumour factors)
Name two common sites of metastasis in melanoma
bowel, liver, eye
Which system is used to stage melanoma?
Breslow’s depth
Which test can help to diagnose melanoma?
immunohistochemistry- stain for Melan A
What is the treatment for melanoma?
surgical excision, immunotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, biologics, lymphadenctomy, adjuvant chemo
What are the surgical margins for melanoma excision?
Breslow<1mm= 1cm margin, Breslow>1mm= 2cm margin
Name a systemic drug used in the management of metastatic melanoma?
pembrolizumab
A melanoma lesion is found on the face. Is it more likely to be superficial spreading or lentigo maligna melanoma?
lentigo maligna, if it was found on the arm or elsewhere on the body then it would be superficial spreading
Three risk factors for basal cell carcinoma?
age, sun damage, irradiation, scars, ulcers, smoking
