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Anterior Abdominal Wall > Skin And Superfical Fascia > Flashcards

Skin And Superfical Fascia Flashcards

1
Q

Ascites

A

Accumulation of fluid in the skin of anterior abdominal wall

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2
Q

Linear ablicantes

A

Undue stretching results in the formation of whitish streaks in the skin of the lower part of the anterior abdominal wall

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3
Q

What is umblicus

A

Remnant of the root of umblical cord

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4
Q

Level of umbilicus

A

Disc between L3 and L4

Anterior median line

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5
Q

Why is umblical level referred to as a WATERSHED

A

Lymph and venous blood flows upwards the plane of umblicus and downwards below this plane.
These do not cross the umblical plane

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6
Q

Portocaval anstomoses site

Name the veins at umblicus forming this anastomoses

A

In portal hypertension these anastomoses open up to form dilated veins radiating from the umblicus caput medusae

Ans2- paraumblical Vein Above SuperiorEpigastric
Lateral thoracic

Below
Superficial epigastric
Inferior epigastric

Sides Posterior intercostal and lumbar

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7
Q

In Superior vena caval obstruction blood flow

A

⬇️

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8
Q

Inferior vena cava obstruction

A

⬆️

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9
Q

Four folds of embryonic plate meet at

A

Umblicus

2 lateral folds
1 head
1 tail

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10
Q

Umblicus is the meeting point of 3 systems

A

Digestive VITELLOINTESTINAL DUCT
Excretory. Urachus
Vascular Umblical Veins

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11
Q

What is fistula

A

Abnormal passage between a hollow tubular organ and the body surface, or between two hollow or tubular organs.

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12
Q

Raspberry red Timor or cherry red Timor is caused by

A

Remnants of the vitellointestinal duct at umblicus

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13
Q

Faecal fistula cause

A

Persistence of a patent vitellointestinal duct

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14
Q

Persistence of proximal and middle part of VI DUCT

A

Meckels Diverticulum PROCIMAL

MIDDLE PART. ENTEROCOELE

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15
Q

What is a diverticulum

A

Diverticula are small, bulging pouches that can form in the lining of your digestive system.

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16
Q

What is another name for MECKELS DIVERTICULUM

A

Diverticulum Ilei

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17
Q

In which week should a normal MECKELS DIVERTICULUM disappear

A

6th week of IUL

18
Q

Length of MECKELS DIVERTICULUM

A

2 inches or 5 cm

19
Q

Location of MECKELS DIVERTICULUM

A

Situated 2 FEET or 60 cm from the ileocaecal valve

ALONG ANTIMESENTRIC BORDER OF ILEUM

20
Q

What do you mean by antimesentric border

A

the convex margin of a small bowel loop, that lies opposite the mesenteric attachment.

21
Q

Caliber of meckels Diverticulum

A

Equal to ileum

22
Q

Is the apex of Meckels Diverticulum always free

A 
No it can be free
Attached to 
1. Umblicus
2. Mesentry
3. Abdominal structure via a fibrous band
23
Q

Two types of tissues that may be present in the Diverticulum

A

Gastric

Pancreatic

24
Q

Inflammation of the Diverticulum results in

A

Symptoms resembling appendicitis pain in LOWER RIGHT ABDOMEN

25
Q

Meckels Diverticulum may cause

A

Intestinal obstruction

26
Q

Persistence of urachus

A

Urinary fistula at umblicus

27
Q

Name umblical vessels

A

2 umblical arteries and a vein only visible at birth

28
Q

Name the 2 layers of superficial fascia of anterior abdominal wall

A

Superficial FATTY LAYER ➡️ FASCIA OF CAMPER

DEEP MEMBRANOUS LAYER▶️ FASCIA PF SCARPA

29
Q

Modifications of the superficial fatty layer

A

In the Penis it’s devoid of fat

In the Scrotum it’s REPLACED by Dartos Muscle

30
Q

How is passage of extravasated urine prevented

A

The deep membranous layer of abdomen is continuous with the deep membranous layer of perineum known as COLLE’S FASCIA.
Attachments is such that they prevent it

Holden’s line
♟
Pubic tubercle
Body of pubis
Margins of pubic arch 
Posterior border of perineal membrane
 Above umblicus merges with fatty layer
31
Q

What is Holden’s line and it’s significance

A

It’s a line of firm attachment between the membranous layer of front of thigh and deep fascia except near the inguinal ligament .
Begins little lateral to the pubic tubercle extends up to 8 cm

Significance: the firm attachment along Holden’s line prevents passage of extravasated urine into the thigh beyond this line in case urethra is ruptured in the perineum.

32
Q

Modification of fascia of scarpa

A

Suspensory ligament and fundiform ligament of the penis and clitoris

33
Q

Extravasated urine into superficial perineal pouch

A

Fascia of scarpa is cont with superficial perineal pouch via scrotum and penis. At times urethra ruptures and urine extravastes

34
Q

Contents of superficial fascia

A

Cut Nerves vessels and lymphatic

35
Q

Name the anterior cutaneous nerves supplying anterior abdominal wal

A 
Lower 5 intercostal nerves 
Subcostal nerve supplies pyramidalis
Iliohypogastric nerve (L1)

Iliohypogastric and Ilioinguinal do not enter the rectus sheath

36
Q

Ilioinguinal nerve supplies

A

Pierces the external spermatic fascia

Skin of external genitalia
Upper medial side of the thigh

37
Q

Lateral cutaneous branch of any abdominal wall

A

T10 T11 as intercostal nerves

Each of them pierces the external oblique muscle dicving into LARGE ANTERIOR and SMALLER POST branch

Subcostal and Iliohypogastric (T12,L1) anterosuperior part of gluteal region

38
Q

Where does iliohypogastric nerve become cutaneous

A

2.5 cm above the superficial inguinal ring

39
Q

CUTANEOUS ARTERIES OF ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL

A

Anterior - superior epigastric(B: Internal Thoracic Artery B: SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY)

Inferior Epigastric(B: External Iliac artery
COMMON ILIAC ARTERY
BIFURCATION of abd aorta at L4
Lateral Cutaneous - Posterior Intercostal Arteries

Lower- Superficial Epigastric- Skin up to umblicus
Superficial Circumflex iliac- Abdomen skin and thigh
BOTH ARE BRANCHES OF COMMON FEMORAL ARTERY B: External Iliac

Superficial external pudendal - B: femoral artery

40
Q

SVC OBSTRUCTION pathway

A

Backflow in descending order
Brachiocephalic
Subclavian

Axillary

Lateral thoracic vein

Thoracoepigastric vein

Superficial epigastric

Great saphenous

Femoral vein
IVC TO ❤️

41
Q

IVC OBSTRUCTION

A 
Common iliac
External iliac
Femoral
Great saphenous
Superficial epigastric
Thoracoepigastric
Lateral thoracic
Axillary
Subclavian
Brachiocephalic
SVC to ♥️

Anterior Abdominal Wall (5 decks)

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