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Anterior Abdominal Wall > Muscles Of The Anterior abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Muscles Of The Anterior abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

Origin of external Oblique

A

8 fleshy fibre from the shaft of the lower 8 ribs

Upper 4 interdigital with serratus anterior
Lower 4 latissimus dorsi

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2
Q

Direction fo external oblique

A

Downwards forwards medially↘️!

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3
Q

Insertion of external oblique

A

Broad aponeurosis 1.Xiphoid process
2.Linea alba tendinous, fibrous raphe that runs vertically down the midline of the abdomen. It extends between the inferior limit of the sternum and the pubis, separating the rectus abdominis muscles.

  1. Pubic symphysis
  2. Pubic crest
  3. Pectineal line of pubis

Lower Fibres - Ant 2/3rds of outer lip of iliac crest

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4
Q

Nerve supply EOM

A

Lower 6 thoracic

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5
Q

Structures formed from EOM

A

The free inferior margin between the ASIS and pubic tubercle fold upon itself to form INGUINAL LIGAMENT

Between linea semilunaris and linea Alba helps to form anterior wall of rectus sheath

Just above pubic crest, EOM Aponeourosis has a triangular aperture - Superfical INGUINAL RING

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6
Q

Free ends of EOM

A

Upper and Posterior

Inferior involved in inguinal ligament

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7
Q

Functions of EXTERNAL OBLIQUE

A

Lateral flex ion with internal oblique

Rotation of trunk wihh the internal oblique

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8
Q

Origin of internal oblique

A

Lateral 2/3 INGUINAL LIGAMENT
Anterior 2/3 intermediate area of iliac crest
Thoracolumbar fascia

UPWARDS FORWARDS MEDIALLY

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9
Q

Insertion

A 
Uppermost- Lower 3-4 Ribs
Rest- 7,8,9 costal cartilage 
          Aponeurosis
         Ciphoid process
        Linea Alba 
        Pubic crest
        Pectineal line of pubis

DOESNOT EXTEND BEYOND COSTAL MARGIN

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10
Q

Nerve supply of IOM

A

T7-T12 L1

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11
Q

Structures formed by IOM

A

Aponeurosis helps in formation of rectus sheath
Con joint tendon
Cremaster muscle

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12
Q

What is Conjoint tendon or falx inguinalis

A

formed by fusion of aponeurotic fibres of Internal oblique and transversus

Attachment: pubic crest and medial part of pectin pubis
Medially: anterior wall of rectus sheath
Laterally:Free

Function: strengthens abdominal wall where it’s weakened by the superficial inguinal ring

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13
Q

What is interfoveolar ligament

A

Inconstant ligamentous band
Continuous with conjoint tendon sometimes
Connects lower border of transversus to superior ramps of pubis

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14
Q

Origin of transversus abdominis

A

Lateral 2/3 Inguinal L
Any 2/3 inner lip of iliac crest
Thoracolumbar fascia
Inner surface of lower 6 costal cartilage

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15
Q

Insertion

A

Broad aponeurosis

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16
Q

Nerve supply

A

T7-T12 L1

17
Q

Neuromuscular structures are present between

A

Internal and transversus

18
Q

Rectus abdominus

A

O: lateral head- lateral part of pubic crest
Medial head- medial part of pubic crest
Anterior pubic ligament

I: along a horizontal line passing laterally from xiphoid 7,6,5 costal cartilage

19
Q

Nerve supply

A

T7-T12

20
Q

Tendinous intersections

A

Transverse fibrous bands 3
Umblicus
Xiphoid process
Thirds between 2

Represent segmental origin of muscle

Functionally make muscle more powerful
Preventing bow string of rectus abdominus

21
Q

Functions

A

Support of abd viscera against gravity- TONE OF OBLIQUE MUSCLES

EXPULSIVE Acts- oblique and transversus by compressing abd viscera

Forceful exploratory acts- External oblique by compressing and depressing lower part of thorax

22
Q

Movements of abdomen

A

Lateral flex ion- obliques
Rotation obliques
Flexion of trunk- rectus abdominus

23
Q

Nerve supply of cremaster muscle

A

Genital branch of genitofemoral nerveL1

24
Q

Actions of cremaster

A

Sup spends the testes
Elevate testes
Close superficial inguinal ring when intrabd pressure increases

25
Q

Cremaster reflex

A

Stroking of upper part of medial side of thigh reflex contraction of cremaster muscle

More in children

Lesions over L1 reflex lost

26
Q

Origin and insertion of cremaster

A

Origin
Lateral part: Lower edge of internal abdominal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles, inguinal ligament
Medial part: Pubic tubercle, lateral part of pubic crest

Insertion
Tunica vaginalis of testis

27
Q

Blood supply

A

Blood supply

Cremasteric branch of inferior epigastric artery

28
Q

Pyramidalis

A

Anterior surface of body of pubis to linea Alba

29
Q

Inguinal ligament

A

Lateral half rounded and oblique

Medial grooved horizontal

30
Q

Attachments of inguinal ligament

A

Lower border- fascia lata

Upper surface - lateral 2/3 origin IOM
Lateral 1/3 transversus abdominus
Middle cremaster

31
Q

Relations

A

Upper grooved surface - floor of inguinal canal

32
Q

Extensions of inguinal ligament

A

1.Pectineal part of inguinal ligament

Trainglular 
Anteriorly- medial end of inguinal ligament 
Post- pecten pubis 
Medially femoral ring
Apex pubic tubercle

Function supports spermatic cord

  1. pectineal ligament or ligament of Cooper- extension from post part of base of lacunar ligament
  2. Reflected part of inguinal ligament- interlace with those of opposite side
  3. intercrural fibres arise from middle of inguinal ligament. Arch over it to keep it’s crura together.
33
Q

Visceroptosis

A

Loss of tone of abdominal muscles due to lack of exercise resulting in protrusion of wall

34
Q

Safest incisions in any abdominal wall

A

Paramedian safer than medial because laterally the rectus is retracted to protect the nerves supplying it.

35
Q

Infraunblical median incisions better than supraunblical

A

Infra close approximation of rectus prevents ventral hernia
Supra through linea alba- bloodless
Ventral hernia changes more

36
Q

Why does tubercular infection of lung and pleura cause pain in abdomen

A

Supplied by T7-T12 L1

37
Q

Effect of peritonitis and respiration on abdominal muscles

A

Reflex contraction

Contraction

38
Q

Examination of muscles

A

Knees and hips flexed

Anterior Abdominal Wall (5 decks)

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