skin and soft tissue infections Flashcards
S. AUREUS (type, virulence factor, possible disease)
gram + cocci bacteria , clumps like grapes
may release Pantones valentine leukocidin toxin which can form pores on cells and make them release their contents
disease = angular chelitis
MRSA
methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus
S. PYOGENES (type, virulence factor, possible disease)
gram+ cocci bacteria, forms chains
super antigens may be released and cause toxic shock syndrome
disease = cellulitis (skin infection)
S.ANGINOSUS (type, virulence factor, possible disease)
gram + cocci bacteria , mostly chains some clumps
cytotoxin intermedilysin - forms pores on cells that results in cell lysis
periodontitis
CLOSTRIDIUM WELCHI (type, virulence factor, possible disease)
anaerobic bacteria . gram + rods
alpha toxin - breaks down cell membranes
disease = gas gangrene (lethal skin infection)
HERPES SIMPLEX (type, virulence factor, possible disease)
DNA virus
cell lysis
herpes labialise - cold sores on lips
CANDIDA ALBICANS (type, virulence factor, possible disease)
fungi phospholipase (breaks down phospholipids) erythematous candidiasis (oral)
infections affecting epidermis
angular chelitis - s.aureus
chicken pox - varicella zoster
infections affecting the dermis
erysipelas - s.pyogenes (superficial cellulitis)
infection affecting hair follicles
s.aureus
folliculitis < furuncle < carbuncles
infection affecting subcutaneous fat
cellulitis - s.pyogenes
what bacteria causes infection of human bite wounds
mixed anaerobes
what bacteria causes infection of animal bite wounds
pasteurella multicoda
what bacteria causes surgical wound infections
s.aureus
MSSA
methicillin susceptible s aureus
disinfectant vs antiseptic
disinfectant = inhibits or kills micro organisms antiseptics = disinfecting agents with low toxicity for host cells , can be used directly on skin / mucous membranes and wounds
cidal vs static antiseptics
cidal - kills
static - stops growth
how do alcohols work as antiseptics and disinfectants
denature proteins and disrupt membrane permeability
cheap to make but limited antibacterial spectrum
chlorhexidine method of attack
causes cytoplasmic leakage
an antiseptic
antibiotic
chemical substance produced by one micro organism that is destructive to another
difference between gram + and gram - cell walls
gram + have more peptidoglycan in there walls
