Skin and Burns

Question 1

how are contractures formed secondary to burn

Answer 1

flexion

Question 2

why is splinting important post burns

Answer 2

splinting positions joint to maintain tissue length to prevent contracture. Flexion is perceived to be more comfortable but leads to contracture and a decreased ROM

Question 3

treatment modalities that would prevent swelling and/or scarring in the hand

Answer 3

• scar massage
• silicone gell
• compression
• early controlled exercise programs

Question 4

how does silicone gel help with scarring

Answer 4

Increases hydration of stratum corneum to regulate fibroblasts to produce collagen which results in softer and flatter scars

Question 5

how does a pressure garment assist in preventing scar contracture

Answer 5

by helping to realign collagen fibres

Question 6

when can a patient be referred to victorian burns surface

Answer 6

> 20% TBSA

particularly:
- major joints
- inhalation burn electrical or chemical burn
- elderly or pregnant

Question 7

how is the cardiovascular system affected

Answer 7

• increase in HR

- hypovaelemic shock = decline in blood volume and pressure

Question 8

how can renal failure occur due to a burn

Answer 8

decline in cardiac output due to fluid loss which can lead to renal failure

Question 9

how is the pulmonary system affected

Answer 9

burns to upper airway can cause swelling and block airway

- 46% of burn related deaths are inhalation

Question 10

how is the metabolism affected

Answer 10

increased rate of tissue breakdown

increased metabolic rate, requiring high protein and energy requirements

Question 11

what are the principles of treatment for burns patients

Answer 11

• prevention of additional injuries
• rapid wound closure
• active and passive ROM
• prevention of infection
• prevent contractures
• early functional rehabilitation

Question 12

what is the OT role

Answer 12

• anti deformity positioning