Cerebral Palsy Flashcards
how is cerebral palsy caused
by a static brain lesion that occurs in the immature brain that leads to permanent motor damage
how are static brain lesions in the immature brain formed?
- cortical abnormality
- infection as neonate
- birth trauma
- acquired injury
what is the function of the pyramidal motor system and what happens when it is damaged
Function: control voluntary movement
Damage: spastic paralysis of other side of the body
what is the function of the extra pyramidal motor system and what happens when it is damaged
Function: dampens erratic movement, maintains muscle tone, and trunk stability
Damage: dystonia, athetosis, dyskinesia
what is the function of the cerebellum and what happens if it is damaged
Function:
- equilibrium
- muscle tone
- coordination
Damage:
- lack of coordination
- tremor
- ataxia
define diplegia
2 limb involvement
define quadriplegia
4 limb involvement
define tetraplegia
includes both diplegia and quadriplegia
hemiplegia
one sided
list the 4 patterns of movement
- spasticity
- hypotonicity
- dystonia
- ataxia
define spasticity
high muscle tone
define hypotonicity
low muscle tone
dystonia
alternating muscle tone
ataxia
in-coordination of movements
list the characteristics of level one of the GMCS (Gross Motor Classification System)
Ability:
- children can mobilise indoors and outdoors
- walking, running, jumping, stairs w/o difficulty
Impairment:
- balance
- coordination
- speed
list the characteristics of level two of the GMCS (Gross Motor Classification System)
Ability:
- walk indoors and outdoors
- stairs with handrail
Difficulty:
- walking on uneven surface
- walking in crowded spaces
- long distances
list the characteristics of level 3 of the GMCS (Gross Motor Classification System)
- mobilise indoors and outdoors on level surface with device e.g. frame
- climb stairs with rail
- wheelchair for long distances
list the characteristics of level 4 type 1 of the GMCS (Gross Motor Classification System)
- aid for mobility; usually controlled by carer
- walk short distance with frame
- wheelchair in community
- sit on chair
- assistance with transfers
list the characteristics of level 4 type 2 of the GMCS (Gross Motor Classification System)
- sit on chair requires adaptive seating for trunk stability and hand function
- transfer with assistance
- walk short distances with aid and supervision
- self mobility via powered wheelchair
list the characteristics of level 5 of the GMCS (Gross Motor Classification System)
- physical impairment restricts voluntary control
- no means of independent mobility
list the charcateristics of level one MACS (Manual Ability Classification System)
children get in and out of, and sit in chair w/o hand support
