Hand Therapy Flashcards
which 2 tendons make up the first dorsal compartment of the wrist
- extensor pollicis brevis
2. abductor pollicis longus
which 2 tendons make up the second dorsal compartment of the wrist
- carpi radialis brevis
2. carpi radialis longus
what tendon makes up the 3rd dorsal compartment of the wrist
- extensor pollicis longus
which 2 tendons make up the 4th dorsal compartment of the wrist
- extensor digitorum
2. extensor Indias
what tendon makes up the 5th dorsal compartment
extensor digiti minimi
what tendon makes up the 6th dorsal compartment
extensor carpi ulnaris
what are the 3 nerves of the hand
- median
- ulnar
- radial
what parts of the arm/hand is innervated by the median nerve
- lower part of upper arm
- elbow
- forearm
- carpal tunnel
what parts of the arm/hand is innervated by the ulnar nerve
- lower part of upper arm
- outside of elbow
- inner forearm
- ring finger
- pinky finger
what part of the arm/hand is innervated by the radial nerve
thumb side
list the 3 assessments methods used for thumb pain
- The sign of O
- Step Deformity
what does the sign of o assessment determine
will erect OA in thumb if it makes a D shape, rather than O
what does a step deformity assessment determine
visible subluxations of the 1st metacarpal when thumb is extended
list 3 different types of thermoplastics for orthosis construction
- polyform
- ezeform
- aquaplast
list the characteristics of poly form
- low temperature
- minimum resistance to stretch
- lightweight
- ideal for acute trauma or joint irritation
list the characteristics of ezeform
- maximum resistance to stretch
- superior drape for intimate fit
- bonds permanently once heated
- ideal for non compliant patients
list the characterises of aquapalst
- perforated for ventilation
- controlled stretch
- transparent for observing pressure points and landmark whilst moulding
list joint modalities to prevent swelling in the hand
- reducing repetitive movements
- joint protection techniques
- avoiding prolonged grip
- splinting
symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome
- pain on radial aspect of hand
- worse at night
- worse with repetitive force
- clumsiness or weakness
- proximal radiation of symptoms into forearm or elbow
describe the anatomy/cause of carpal tunnel syndrome
- compression of the median nerve Tunnel contains: - ligaments - nerves - bones Any compression causes nerve to be compressed
Assessment for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
- positive tinels (tapping nerve at wrist)
- positive phanels (elbow extended and wrist flexed = altered sensation in fingers)
list the causes of carpal tunnel syndrome
- anatomical e.g. fracture, tumor
- inflammatory diseases
- mechanical forces
- obesity
list the symptoms of de quervains tenosynovitis
- raised swelling at radial styloid
- pain on tumb motion
describe the anatomy of de quervains tenosynovitis
related to the EBP and APL tendons in 1st dorsal compartment
- inflammation of tendon sheath
cause of de quervains tenosynovitis
EPB and APL not designed to be radial deviators and can cause dysfunction secondary to prolonged use in lifting
assessment of de quervains tenosynovitis
finkelsteins test - thumb inside fingers and pulling down
list the conservative treatment of de quervains tenosynovitis
- NSAIDS
- orthosis
- offloading
- gentle AROM
orthosis precautions for de quervains tenosynovitis
- joint immobilised for 6 weeks
- radial gutter or entire hand
- wrist in 20 degree extension
- slight radial deviation
- fingers and thumb IP free to mobilise
symptoms of OA in the carbo-metacarpal joint of the thumb
- pain
- swelling
- nodules on joints
- poor AROM
- decreased function
- referred pain
define acute pain
- less than 3 months
- direct injury or illness that causes tissue damage
describe chronic pain
- pain experienced beyond normal healing Time of 3-6 months
- persistent firing of pain signals within nervous system
