Skin Flashcards
Primary Lesions
Originate from previously healthy skin.
Examples: Macules, papules, patches, tumors, nodules, vesicles
Secondary Lesions
Result from changes in primary lesions.
Examples: Crusts, scales, keloids, erosions, ulcers
Tinea Infections (What is it and what are the four types)
Fungal infections of the skin.
* Types:
Tinea Capitis (scalp)
Tinea Corporis (body)
Tinea Pedis (feet)
Tinea Cruris (groin)
Treatment and Nursing Consideration for Tinea Infections
Treatment: Antifungal medications (topical or oral).
Nursing Considerations: Maintain hygiene, avoid sharing personal items, and educate patients on completing treatment.
Lice Treatment
Pediculicides, nit removal, home cleaning
Lice Special Considerations
Prevent spread by washing clothes and bedding, avoiding head to head contact
Lice Nursing Considerations
Educate families on rechecking for reinfestation and proper hygiene
Scabies mode of transmission
Skin to skin or sexual contact
Scabies Treatment
o Permethrin 5% cream for all household members.
o Antihistamines for itching.
o Antibiotics if secondary infection occurs.
Scabies Nursing Considerations
Clean linens, clothes, and carpets thoroughly.
Impetigo Mode of Transmission
Direct skin contact
Impetigo Treatment
o Topical mupirocin or oral erythromycin.
o Clean crusts TID with warm soapy water.
Impetigo Nursing Considerations
Short nails, handwashing, separate sleeping arrangements, notify school.
Burn Common Patterns
o Hot drink scalds.
o Contact burns (irons, hair straighteners).
Suspicious Burns
Glove and stocking burns, clear demarcation lines, stories that don’t match, no splash marks
First Degree Burn
Red, painful, superficial heals in a few days
2nd Degree Burn
Blistering, affects dermis heals in 10 to 14
3rd degree burn
Full-thickness, requires grafting nerve endings destroyed, can take years to heal
Burn Treatment
o Airway (intubation if needed).
o Fluid replacement using Parkland formula.
o Pain control (no IM injections).
o Prevent infection (hygiene and nutrition
Rule of 9
Children: 9% for each arm, 14% for each leg, 18% for head, 18% for front torso, 18% for back torso.
Tinea Capitis
Scaly pustular bald areas, yellow greasy scales, lesions, kerion - large purulent tender boggy mass on scalp that drains
Tinea Corporis
Pink scaly circle patches slightly raised borders with clearing in the center (human-animal object transmission)
Impetigo Definition
Highly contagious skin infection that starts with red sores on the face around the nose and mouth and hands and feet – sores burst and delveop honey colored crusts
Parkland Formula
4ml X TBSA x Kg = fluid in first 24 hours
50% in first 8 hours
Remainder over 16 hours
