Skin

Question 1

What are the 5 main funtions of the skin?

Answer 1

• protection
• exretion
• supports and shapes
• prevents tissue dehydration
• regulation of body tempreture

Question 2

How does the skin protect the body?

Answer 2

• its the first line of defence against pathogenic organisms
• its structure provides physical barrier
• bactercidial skin secretions provide a dgree of chemical protection

Question 3

How does the skin prevent tissue dehydration?

Answer 3

• its strucutre of intact epidermis makes the skin almost impervoius to water
• its essential for existance, prevents evaporative water loss to the atmosphere

Question 4

What are the chararisitcs of the Epidermis?

Answer 4

• it is made up of stratified sqamous epithilium
• multiple layers of simple flattned cells on a basement memebrane of protien which seperates the dermis from epidermis

Question 5

What are the 5 layers of the epidermis?

Answer 5

• stratum CORNEUM
• stratum LUCIDIUM
• stratum GRANULOSUM
• stratum SPINOSUM
• stratum BASALE

Question 6

What are the 3 types of skin pigments?

Answer 6

Melanin- an increased amount makes the skin darker
Carotene- can be due to a high amount of fruit/veg
Haemoglobin

Question 7

What is the definition of Jaundice?

Answer 7

• the yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes, which arises from the pigment BILIRUBIN and typically caused by obstruction of the bile duct, by liver disease, or by exxesive breakdown of red blood cells.

Question 8

What are the 4 diffrent types of sweat glands and where are they found?

Answer 8

ECCRINE- in palms and soles of feet
APOCRINE- in axiallary and anal/genital areas
CERUMINOUS- external ear canal and can secrete cerumen
MAMMARY- specilised sweat glands that secrete milk

Question 9

What are the main funtions of hair ?

Answer 9

• maintain warmth
• alter the body to presence of forenj bodies
• gaurd the scalp againt physcal trauma, heat loss and sunlight

Question 10

What are the 5 types of hair and where are they found?

Answer 10

VELLUM- children and females will retain it (pale/fine)
TERMINAL- eybrows and pubic regions( Coarse)
LANUGO- foutus(fine hairs)
VERNIX CASEOSA
GREY- stops producing melanin

Question 11

What is the purpose of the VERNIX CASEOSA?

Answer 11

• substanses produced by the sebacous glands that protect the skin of the foatus in the amitomic sac