Skin Flashcards
what are the treatment options for allopecia?
finasteride or minoxidil
what are the symptoms of scabies?
red spots and silvery interlinking lines in webbing of fingers and toes
who should be treated if a patient has scabies?
everyone in the household
any sexual partners within the last 8 weeks
what are the treatment options for scabies?
permethrin or malathion
where should the treatment for scabies be applied and how often?
apply to the entire body (including scalp, neck, face)
apply once, and then again after 1 week
when can children go back to school following scabies?
24 hours following first treatment
what non-pharmacological advice can be given to patients with scabies?
wash all bedding and clothing in the house at 50C or higher on the first day of treatment
put clothing that cannot be washed in a sealed bag for 3 days until the mites die
stop babies and children sucking treatment from their hands by putting socks or mittens on them
how is a head lice diagnosis confirmed?
detection combing is the best method (wet hair is preferred as lice remain motionless when wet)
-live louse must be found to confirm active head lice infestation
-an itching scalp is not sufficient to diagnose active infestation
- presence of louse eggs alone, whether hatched (nits) or unhatched, does not indicate active infestation
how should combing for head lice be done?
for 30 minutes at 4 day intervals
until no lice for 3 sessions (minimum 2 weeks)
what are the treatment options for head lice?
dimeticone (apply for 8 hrs, repeat after 7 days)
malathion (apply for 12 hours, repeat after 7 days)
which treatment option for head lice is not suitable for patients with severe eczema or asthma?
malathion
what are the treatment options for psoriasis?
emollients
corticosteroids
coal tar
vitamin D
what are the treatment options for eczema?
emollients
corticosteroids
antihistamines
what is the risk with bath emollients?
slipping hazard
what is the MHRA alert for paraffin based emollients?
flammable
which is a very potent topical corticosteroid?
clobetasol (dermovate)
what is a mild topical corticosteroid?
hydrocortisone (<2.5%)
what is a moderate topical corticosteroid?
clobetasone (eumovate)
betamethasone 0.025% (betnovate RD)
what is a potent topical corticosteroid?
bethamethasone 0.1% (betnovate)
mometasone
how should you apply a topical steroid?
apply thinly to affected areas no more than twice daily
what is the risk of prolonged use of topical steroids?
skin thinning
how do you treat rosacea?
erythema:
brimonidine
pustules and papules:
topical metronidazole/ azelaic acid/ ivermectin OR
oral oxytetracycline/ tetracycline/ erythromycin
what is the MHRA alert for brimonidine?
risk of systemic cardiovascular events
risk of exacerbation of rosacea
how long is a prescription for isotretinoin valid for?
7 days
how long after treatment with isotretinoin must you continue with contraception?
1 month
what should patients taking isotretinoin avoid during treatment?
UV light, epilation, laser treatment
what is the MHRA alert for isotretinoin?
erectile dysfunction and low libid
what is the link between isotretinoin and psychiatric conditions?
STOP TREATMENT
if depression, anxiety, suicidal idealation
what is the treatment pathway for acne?
adapalene, benzoyl, clindamycin, lyme/doxy
