Skills Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the four quadrants named?

A

NE,SE,SW,NW

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2
Q

What is a ground level photograph?

A

from the perspective of the ground.
affords a 2D view.

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3
Q

Define a vertical arial photograph

A

Birds eye view looking straight down

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4
Q

what is an aerial oblique photo?

A

vertical with a slant and in the air.

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5
Q

what are satellite images?

A

from the sky and only show colours; no distinct landmarks or monuments.

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6
Q

what are the cardinal points?

A

N , E , S , W

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7
Q

What are all sub points in order of N - E - S - W

A

NNE, NE, ENE, ESE, SE, SSE, SSW, SW, WSW, WNW, NW, NNW

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8
Q

How do you conduct bearings using a protractor?

A

Place your protractor with 0° lining up with the north line of where you are measuring FROM.

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9
Q

How many figures is grid reference?

A

6

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10
Q

How many figures is area reference?

A

4

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11
Q

where in the square do you measure AR?

A

the bottom left hand corner.

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12
Q

which comes first in an AR; eastings or northings?

A

eastings!
*crawl before you walk

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13
Q

distinguish between eastings and northings.

A

eastings are the VERTICAL lines that move east. Eastings is on the bottom of a map with grid and area reference.
northings are the HORIZONTAL lines that move north. Northings are on the side of a map with GR and AR reference.

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14
Q

what does the distance between contour lines indicate?

A

closer together = steeper slope.

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15
Q

what is the formula for gradient?

A

rise/run
aka difference in high between two points/difference in distance between two points

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16
Q

what is aspect of a slope?

A

the direction in which a slope faces.

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17
Q

what question should you ask yourself to find the aspect of a slope?

A

if I dropped a ball, which way would it roll down the hill?
or
If I was standing on that slope facing downhill, which direction would I be looking?

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18
Q

explain latitude

A

latitude are the imaginary lines which run around the circumference of the Earth.

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19
Q

what is the language to describe aspect?

A

the slope has a northERLY aspect
the slope has a north-eastERLY aspect

20
Q

explain longitude

A

Longitude is measured in degrees east or west of the prime meridian, which
runs through Greenwich in London, England, at 0°.

21
Q

explain the orientation of degrees in latitude and longitude.

A

0° is the equator for latitude. North of the equator is x° N and the North Pole is 90°N. South of the equator is x° S and the South Pole is 90°S.

Each verticle line is called meridian of longitude and is numbered east to west from the prime meridian at 0° around the earth to 180°

22
Q

each degree in latitude and longitude can be divided into 60…

A

minutes.

23
Q

latitude and longitude is measured similar to…

A

GRID REFERENCE!

24
Q

what is the orientation for a latitude and longitude statement (coordinates)

A

LATITUDE STATEMENT, LONGITUDE STATEMENT.
x° y’ N x° y’ E where x equals degrees and y equals minutes

25
Q

what is an isobar?

A

a line on a map connecting points having the same atmospheric pressure at a given time or on average over a given period.

26
Q

what is a hectopascal and it’s shortened version

A

air pressure measuring unit (hPa)
it’s equal to ONE MILLIBAR.

27
Q

what does the distance between isobars indicate?

A

speed of wind (closer=faster)

28
Q

what is the number for average air pressure?

A

1013

29
Q

what does low air pressure weather look like?

A

wind spins clockwise
wind spins INTO the eye of the storm
“unstable”, (rain high winds clouds)

30
Q

what does high air pressure look like?

A

wind spins counterclockwise
wind spins out of the storm
“Stable” (clear skies, little wind, dry weather)

31
Q

how do you calculate local relief?

A

finding the difference in height between two points in an area, or the highest minus the lowest point.

32
Q

what are the two components of a climate graph?

A

rainfall (columns) and temperature (dots)

33
Q

whats a chloropleth map

A

a thematic map that is used to represent statistical data using the color mapping symbology technique.

34
Q

what is density?

A

the no. of features in a km^2

35
Q

distinguish between human and physical features

A

Physical features are natural: they would be here even if people weren’t. Things like rivers, mountains and seas! Human features are made by people, like buildings, roads and bridges.

36
Q

what are topographic maps?

A

Topographic maps are a detailed record of a land area, giving geographic positions and elevations for both natural and man-made features. They show the shape of the land the mountains, valleys, and plains by means of contour lines (lines of equal elevation above sea level).

37
Q

what are thematic maps?

A

maps illustrating a particular theme, e.g tourism, types of forest colour, climate zones

38
Q

what are political maps?

A

maps that show political boundaries such as countries and states

39
Q

what are physical maps?

A

maps that show natural features such as rivers.

40
Q

explain the acronym BOLTSS

A

B is for the border that surrounds a map.

O is for orientation. All maps require an arrow that shows the direction of north.

L is for legend, which is also called a key.

T is for title.

S is for scale. Maps are drawn much smaller than the features they represent

S is for source. The place where the map has come from must be acknowledged.

41
Q

whats a cross section

A

where it looks as though the land has been sliced in half.

42
Q

how do you calculate area?

A

add together the total of squares, then add the total of partial squares divided by 2

43
Q

warm fronts bring…

A

stormy weather

44
Q

cold fronts bring…

A

heavy rain, sometimes hail and thunder, a sudden drop in temperature

45
Q

how to know which direction wind blows?

A

The direction that the stem of the barb is pointing in indicates the direction that the wind is coming from.