Skill Acquisition and Psychology Flashcards
Name the 4 main types of practice.
- Part Method
- Whole Method
- Whole-Part-Whole Method
- Progressive Part Method
What is the Part Method?
Often used when low in organisation and through fictionalization
+ Good for complex skills due to breakdown
+ Gain confidence
- Learners can lose kin aesthetic sense and flow of skill
Practical Example;
Swimmer using a float to help their legs so that they could concentrate on improving their arm action
What is the Whole Method?
Taught without breaking it down
If the skill is discrete and high in organisation then it is best used
+ Allows kin aesthetic flow
Practical Example;
Golf swing is one large movement which cannot be broken down
What is the Whole-Part-Whole Method?
Perform skill as a whole then practice it in parts and then perform it as a whole again
Suited to serial skills
+ Good for recognizing strengths and weaknesses of a learners performance
Practical Example;
Tennis Serve as it is easy to break down
What is the Progressive Part Method?
Referred to as the chaining method
What is the definition of a simple skill?
A simple skill is where there are small amounts of judgments or decisions required.
E.g. Toss up in Basketball
What is the definition of a complex skill?
A complex skill is where there are large amounts of decisions or judgement that are required.
E.g. Pass by a midfielder in Football
What is the definition of an open skill?
An open skill is where there are many external factors that can affect the way in which the outcome occurs.
E.g. Being served to in tennis analysing speed, spin and direction
What is the definition of a closed skill?
A closed skill is where there are limited external factors that could effect the outcome of the skill.
E.g. Serving as it is a set movement where you know what you need to do to win the point
What is the definition of a gross skill?
A gross skill is where large limbs or movements are used to carry out an action.
E.g. Kicking a ball in Football
What is the definition of a fine skill?
A fine skill is where small movements are used to carry out a skill or action.
E.g. Taking a shot in Snooker
What is the definition of a self-paced skill?
A self-paced skill is where you are in control of how quickly you wish to carry out that skill.
E.g. Javelin Throw
What is the definition of an externally-paced skill?
An externally-paced skill is where external factors determine how quickly you have to carry out a skill or movement.
E.g. Goalkeeper saving a shot in Football
What is a discrete skill?
Discrete skills have a clear beginning and end.
E.g. Penalty kick in Football
What is a serial skill?
Serial skills are made up of a series of parts/subroutines.
E.g. Long Jump
What is a continuous skill?
Continuous skills have no clear beginning or end, the end of a movement will be the start of the next.
E.g. Cycling
What is the definition of a highly organised skill?
A highly organised skill is where it cannot be broken down into subroutines easily.
E.g. Dribbling in Basketball
What is the definition of a low organisation skill?
A low organisation skill is where it can be broken down easily into subroutines.
E.g. Tennis Serve
What is an extrovert?
Seeks social situations
What is an introvert?
Prefers to be alone
What is social learning theory?
Personality is shaped by those around us
What is the interactionalist theory?
We are born with traits that can be modified by the environment
What are the traits of a type A person?
Impatient
Intolerant
Prone to stress
What are the traits of a type B person?
Relaxed
Tolerant of others
Calm
What is attitude?
A complex mix of beliefs, feelings and values that predisposes somebody to behave towards someone in a consistent way.
