Skill Acquisition and Bio-mechanics

Question 1

The 11 critical fundamental motor skills
(c,o,l,v,b,k,r,d,p,f,t)

Answer 1

catch, kick, run, vertical leap, overarm throw, ball balance, leap, dodge, punt, forehand, two-handed strike

Question 2

What is SSS?

Answer 2

Sport Specific Skill that has derived from a Fundamental Motor skill

Question 3

An example of a SSS

Answer 3

overarm throw-> badminton, tennis, javelin, basketball

Question 4

Define Open skills and examples

Answer 4

a skill that is performed in a constantly changing environment and is controlled externally.
Eg, wrestling, boxing, running 100m

Question 5

Define closed skills and examples

Answer 5

a skill that is self-paced and is in a more predictable environment
Eg, golf, discus, diving from a ledge

Question 6

Define Fine Motor Skills

Answer 6

a skill that uses small muscle groups and utilises visual and touch cues, requires accuracy and precision
eg. darts, table tennis

Question 7

Define gross motor skill

Answer 7

skills that require longer, stronger muscles to create more force
eg. high jump and swimming

Question 8

Stages of learning

Answer 8

Cognitive, Associative, Autotonomous

Question 9

Cognitive characteristics

Answer 9

learning the mechanics of the skill
high skill error
high concentration
can’t use intrinsic feedback
limited self correction, needs an external source
skills need to be learned with fewer skills

Question 10

Associative Skills

Answer 10

skills are becoming more defined
learner can change and self correct using intrinsic sensory feedback
practice can be performed in open environment
can attend to some external cues

Question 11

Autonomous stage

Answer 11

skills become automatic
focus on learning tactics and strategies
can self correct using intrinsic feedback
focus on game style practice in open environment
can respond to many external cues
skilled tennis player

Question 12

types of feedback

Answer 12

internal (intrinsic) and augmented (external)

Question 13

Define internal feedback

Answer 13

relies on the athlete’s own sensory information ( visual, touch, auditory, proprioception)

Question 14

Define augmented feedback

Answer 14

is given via external person such as a coach or teacher

Question 15

Knowledge of performance

Answer 15

Qualitative -refers to verbal feedback about the process of performing a skill

Question 16

Knowledge of results

Answer 16

Quantitative- refers to the information on the outcome of the performance (numerical, data, measurements)

Question 17

What is blocked practice?

Answer 17

practicing the same skills repetitively

Question 18

What is random practice?

Answer 18

practicing skills out of sequence

Question 19

Define discrete motor skills

Answer 19

skills that have an observable start and finish
eg. golf swing

Question 20

Define serial motor skills

Answer 20

combination of continuous and discrete skills that are used in multi directional sports such as football or basketball

Question 21

Define continuous motor skills

Answer 21

cyclical and repetitive movement that has an arbitrary start and finish
eg. running, cycling or swimming

Question 22

define mass

Answer 22

is the amount of matter found in an object

Question 23

An object with greater mass has greater ________.

Answer 23

inertia

Question 24

What is inertia?

Answer 24

Inertia refers to the resistance of an object required to change motion

Question 25

equation for force

Answer 25

mass x acceleration

Question 26

Internal force

Answer 26

muscles

Question 27

external force

Answer 27

air resistance, water resistance, gravity and friction

Question 28

Define motion

Answer 28

refers to the change in the position of an object ( linear, angular, general)

Question 29

What is the optimal angle of release for horizontal and vertical

Answer 29

vertical- 75 degrees
horizontal- 45 degrees

Question 30

Newton’s first law ( inertia)

Answer 30

An object will stay at rest or in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced/ external force

Question 31

Newton’s second law (force and acceleration)

Answer 31

the acceleration of an object is directly related to the net force and inversely related to its mass
force equals mass x acceleration

Question 32

Newton’s third law (action and release)

Answer 32

When an object comes into contact with another they exert forces that are equal to another but are in the opposite direction. For every force there is an equal and opposite force reaction force. A swimmer pushing of the side of the pool in a tumble turn is an example.

Question 33

motion

Answer 33

refers to change in position of object in relation to time
port de bras

Question 34

velocity

Answer 34

speed with direction

Question 35

acceleration

Answer 35

a positive change in motion

Question 36

deceleration

Answer 36

a negative change in motion

Question 37

momentum

Answer 37

a measure of the amount of motion an object has
mass x velocity

Question 38

equation for momentum

Answer 38

(mass x velocity)

Question 39

Impulse def and equation

Answer 39

force applied overtime ( force x time)
as force is being applied over a longer amount of time the more force is accumulated

Question 40

how does increasing the impulse reduce chances of injury

Answer 40

allows the force of the movement so pressure is taken off specific joints
moon boot

Question 41

how do you apply newton’s third law?

Answer 41

find the action and reactive force and the benefit