Skill Acquisition and Bio-mechanics Flashcards
The 11 critical fundamental motor skills
(c,o,l,v,b,k,r,d,p,f,t)
catch, kick, run, vertical leap, overarm throw, ball balance, leap, dodge, punt, forehand, two-handed strike
What is SSS?
Sport Specific Skill that has derived from a Fundamental Motor skill
An example of a SSS
overarm throw-> badminton, tennis, javelin, basketball
Define Open skills and examples
a skill that is performed in a constantly changing environment and is controlled externally.
Eg, wrestling, boxing, running 100m
Define closed skills and examples
a skill that is self-paced and is in a more predictable environment
Eg, golf, discus, diving from a ledge
Define Fine Motor Skills
a skill that uses small muscle groups and utilises visual and touch cues, requires accuracy and precision
eg. darts, table tennis
Define gross motor skill
skills that require longer, stronger muscles to create more force
eg. high jump and swimming
Stages of learning
Cognitive, Associative, Autotonomous
Cognitive characteristics
learning the mechanics of the skill
high skill error
high concentration
can’t use intrinsic feedback
limited self correction, needs an external source
skills need to be learned with fewer skills
Associative Skills
skills are becoming more defined
learner can change and self correct using intrinsic sensory feedback
practice can be performed in open environment
can attend to some external cues
Autonomous stage
skills become automatic
focus on learning tactics and strategies
can self correct using intrinsic feedback
focus on game style practice in open environment
can respond to many external cues
skilled tennis player
types of feedback
internal (intrinsic) and augmented (external)
Define internal feedback
relies on the athlete’s own sensory information ( visual, touch, auditory, proprioception)
Define augmented feedback
is given via external person such as a coach or teacher
Knowledge of performance
Qualitative -refers to verbal feedback about the process of performing a skill
Knowledge of results
Quantitative- refers to the information on the outcome of the performance (numerical, data, measurements)
What is blocked practice?
practicing the same skills repetitively
What is random practice?
practicing skills out of sequence
Define discrete motor skills
skills that have an observable start and finish
eg. golf swing
Define serial motor skills
combination of continuous and discrete skills that are used in multi directional sports such as football or basketball
Define continuous motor skills
cyclical and repetitive movement that has an arbitrary start and finish
eg. running, cycling or swimming
define mass
is the amount of matter found in an object
An object with greater mass has greater ________.
inertia
What is inertia?
Inertia refers to the resistance of an object required to change motion
equation for force
mass x acceleration
Internal force
muscles
external force
air resistance, water resistance, gravity and friction
Define motion
refers to the change in the position of an object ( linear, angular, general)
What is the optimal angle of release for horizontal and vertical
vertical- 75 degrees
horizontal- 45 degrees
Newton’s first law ( inertia)
An object will stay at rest or in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced/ external force
Newton’s second law (force and acceleration)
the acceleration of an object is directly related to the net force and inversely related to its mass
force equals mass x acceleration
Newton’s third law (action and release)
When an object comes into contact with another they exert forces that are equal to another but are in the opposite direction. For every force there is an equal and opposite force reaction force. A swimmer pushing of the side of the pool in a tumble turn is an example.
motion
refers to change in position of object in relation to time
port de bras
velocity
speed with direction
acceleration
a positive change in motion
deceleration
a negative change in motion
momentum
a measure of the amount of motion an object has
mass x velocity
equation for momentum
(mass x velocity)
Impulse def and equation
force applied overtime ( force x time)
as force is being applied over a longer amount of time the more force is accumulated
how does increasing the impulse reduce chances of injury
allows the force of the movement so pressure is taken off specific joints
moon boot
how do you apply newton’s third law?
find the action and reactive force and the benefit
