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Sports Science > Energy systems > Flashcards

Energy systems Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 3 energy systems?

A

ATP-PC, Anaerobic Glycolysis, Aerobic

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2
Q

What are the food fuels?

A

carbohydrates, fats, protein

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3
Q

How does CHO travel in the body and how is it stored?

A

travels in the body as glucose and stored as glycogen

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4
Q

How do fats travel in the body and how is it stored?

A

travels as free fatty acids (ffe) and stored as triglycerides

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5
Q

how are proteins carried and stored in the body?

A

travels in the body as amino acids and is stored as amino acids or muscle tissues

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6
Q

CHO examples, function and daily % in diet

A

bread, pasta/ preferred fuel in exercise, simplest food and is ranked from 0-100 on a glycemic index/ 45-65%

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7
Q

Fats examples, function and daily %

A

avocado, nuts/ provide 2/3 energy requirements at rest 25-30%

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8
Q

Proteins examples, function and daily %

A

egg, red meats protein requires minimal contribution towards energy requirements, 10-15%

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9
Q

What is the GI?

A

the glycaemic index- scale from 0-100 on how food well food provides sustenance during activity low gi gradual release/ high gi- sugar spike

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10
Q

adenosine triphoshate

A

ATP- immediate fuel broken down in the msucle to produce contractions(movement)/ 2-3 seconds available

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11
Q

adenosine diphosphate

A

ADP is required to rebuild back into the ATP to enable muscles to continue to function during exercise

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12
Q

ATP-PC system

A

anaerobic system that resynthesises ATP the quickest/ fastest rate

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13
Q

anaerobic glycolysis

A

anaerobic that enable ATP to be rebuilt at a rapid rate when PC is depleted

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14
Q

aerobic system

A

synthesizes at the slowest rate

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15
Q

finite

A

natural resource that cannot be rebuilt to keep up with demand

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16
Q

infinte

A

limitless supply

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17
Q

passive recovery

A

standing, slow walk allows the minimal energy output

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18
Q

active recovery

A

low intensity recovery to prevent accumulation of hydrogen ions and lactate acid

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19
Q

hydrogen ions

A

acidic build up in the muscles that causes fatigue and slows enzymes required for exercise

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20
Q

rate

A

the amount of time , quantity something takes

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21
Q

capacity

A

the maximum threshold

22
Q

fuel/ substrate

A

phosphagens (ATP and creatine phosphate), glucose, free fatty acids and amino acids

23
Q

food fuels

A

three main COH, fats and proteins

24
Q

aerobic

A

performing exercise with the presence of oxygen

25
Q

anaerobic

A

the performance of exercise without the presence of oxygen

26
Q

how is energy released during exercise?

A

break down of ATP

27
Q

Food fuels for the energy systems

A

ATP-n/a
Anaerobic gly- CHO
aerobic- CHO/ fats

28
Q

fuel/ substrate for energy systems

A

atp- phosho-creatine
anae- glycogen
aero- glycogen/triglycerides

29
Q

intensity of HR for the energy systems

A

Atp- 95+%
ana- 85-95%
aero- 65-85%

30
Q

rate of ATP synthesis

A

atp- very rapid
anae- rapid
aero- slow

31
Q

capacity and yield

A

atp- very low/ one
anae- low/ 2
aero-high/ 36

32
Q

fatigue mechanism

A

atp- pc depletions
anaer- hydrogen ion/ lactate
aeor- glycogen depletions

33
Q

finite or infinite and why?

A

atp- finite
anae- finite
aero- infinite

34
Q

recovery type

A

atp- passive
aner- active
aner- active

35
Q

advantages of working with the systems

A

atp- work at HRM
aner- work longer than atp w/o o2
aero- no fatiguing by products

36
Q

disadvantages

A

atp- can only be in use for 10 seconds
anae- fatiguing by products
aero- complex system due to 02

37
Q

example sports of the atp-pc system

A

100 meter sprint
high jump/ long jump
shot put

38
Q

examples of anaerobic glycolysis sports

A

400m sprint, skipping, anything finishing in about 3 minutes,200-metre swim, downhill ski racing, and 1500-metre speed skating

39
Q

chemical pathway of the ATP-PC system

A

atp broken down-> adp + Cp-> rebuild into atp

40
Q

rate of resynthesis / work to rest ratio

A

10 mins very rapid/ 1:5

41
Q

Anaerobic glycolysis chemical pathway

A

glycogen-> glucose-> pyrovic acid-> lactate and h+ accumilation

42
Q

what is pc?

A

phoso-creatine

43
Q

where is pc stored?

A

in the muscle cells

44
Q

recovery time for pc
30secs
180secs (3 mins)`

A

30secs- 70%
3mins- 98%

45
Q

Aerobic system examples

A

marathon 42.2km
Tour de France
Triathlon

46
Q

Which fuel is the most complex?

A

triglycerides

47
Q

Aerobic system chemical pathway

A

glycogen-> glucose-> pyruvic acid->sufficent 02 goes into the mitochondria to produce by products of Co2, h20 and heat

48
Q

At rest what food fuel does our body use?

A

2/3 fats and 1/3 CHO

49
Q

work to rest ratio for anaerobic glycolysis

A

1:3

50
Q

muscular endurance sets, reps and load

A

2-3 sets
15-20 rep
laod- 40-60% for max

51
Q

muscular strength

A

3-5 sets
3-8 rep
85+% rep max

52
Q

muscular power

A

3-5 sets
4-6 rep
30% rep max

Sports Science (4 decks)

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