Sketchy Cholinergic Flashcards
Acetyl-Cola Sign
ACh receptor agonist
Mime drinking cola
Cholinomimetrics
Smoker
Nicotinc ACh receptor
Outlet near smoker
Nicotinic ACh receptors found on motor end plate on skeletal muscle NMJ
Transformers
Nicotinic ACh receptors found on autonomic ganglia
Beanie
Nicotinic ACh receptors found on adrenal gland
Motorcycle parking spots
Muscarinic ACh receptor
Ion channel news behind smoker
Nicotinic receptors are Na channels
QIQ Mart
M1-Gq ; M2-Gi; M3-Gq
Dogs in M1/M3 motorcycles
Gq activates IP3-DAG cascade - increased Ca
Packed up tent in M2 motorcycle
Gi decreases cAMP
Brain Helmet on M1
M1 receptors found in nerves/CNS
Top of Heart with Jewels on M2
M2 receptors found in atria, SA node, AV node
Glandular Sponge
M3 receptors on glands
Smooth muscle stripes
M3 receptors on smooth muscle
NO exhaust pipe
M3 activation leads to NO release, increased cGMP and vasodilation; opposite in damaged endothelial
Beth Construction worker with Cola
Bethanechol - cholinomimetric
Cement from colon spout
muscarinic agonists increase secretion/motor activity of gut
Do not obstruct sign
Bethanechol is used to treat non-obstructive GI dysmotility (post-op ileus, neurogenic ileus)
Water hose
Bethanechol treates urinary retention
Pile o’carp
Pilocarpine - cholinomimetric
Dripping carp mouths
Pilocarpine increases salivation
Round glass above nets
muscarinic agonists cause accommodation of lens
Smooth muscle crane with net zonules
Pilocarpine contracts ciliary muscle to increase aqueous humor outflow and decrease intraocular pressure (glaucoma)
Fisherman with constricted hood
pilocarpine activates sphincter pupillae to cause pupillary constriction - miosis (acute glaucoma)
Resident above QIQ Mart
Carbachol
Constricted hood blocking carbon fumes
Carbachol causes pupillary constriction (narrow angle glaucome)
Carbon fumes
Carbachol is muscarinic and nicotinic agonist
Marathon
Methacholine - cholinomimetic
Challenge
Metacholine challenge instigates asthma for pulmonary testing
Wheezing Man
cholinomimetrics contract bronchial smooth muscle which exacerbates asthma/COPD
Acetyl-Cola Mime through smog
Indirect cholinomimetics inhibit AChE
Dumpster of acetyl-cola
AChE degrades ACh
Knocked over dumpster of acetyl-cola
AChE inhibitors increase concentration of ACh
Anti-Establishment graffiti
Anticholinesterase (AChE inhibitor)
Stigma graffiti
“stigmine” drug suffix of AChE inhibitors
Skeletal muscle brick wall
AChE inhibitors enhance ACh effects at NMJ by increasing nicotinic ACh receptor activty
Grave graffiti
myasthenia gravis - antibodies against nicotinic ACh receptors at motor endplate of skeletal muscle NMJ; patient presents with ptosis, diplopia, difficulty swallowing, proximal limb weakness (progressive)
Community PRIDE worker removing graffiti
Pyridostigmine - AChE inhibitor used as long term treatment for MG by increasing ACh concentration at NMJ
Neon sign Stigma
Neostigmine - AChE inhibitor used as treatment for MG
Phone Booth
Edrophonium - AChE inhibitor that transiently reverses MG symptoms (short acting)
Quarters only
Pyridostigmine, neostigmine, edrophonium are quaternary amines and do not penetrate CNS
Working Phone
Edrophonium reverses muscle weakness in undertreated MG patients (Positive tensilon test)
Out of order phone with anti-esterase graffiti
edrophonium fails to reverse muscle weakness and exacerbates cholinergic crisis
CURARE crayons stuck in end plate
nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents (tubocurarine) inhibit nicotinic ACh receptors at NMJ endplate
Neon sign store owner kicking out CURARE crayon kid
AChE inhibitors reverse nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockade
SUCKS graffiti
Succinylcholine is depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent (nicotinic ACh receptor agonist)
Phase-1 cleanup crew getting shocked
initial phase-1 of depolarizing blockade is IRREVERSIBLE (AChE inhibitors potentiate blockade)
Bladder hose
AChE inhibitors used to treat urinary retention (muscarinic activation)
PHYS ED center
PHYSostigmine (AChE inhibitor with Central effects)
Atropine in Wonderland graffiti
Atropine overdose - reversed by Physostigmine
Flower
belladonna flower in naturally occurring form of atropine - patient presents working in garden
Phys Ed teacher reprimanding atropine artist
Physostigmine reverses atropine overdose (peripheral and central effects)
Your brain on drugs
Physostigmine (and organophosphates) enter CNS to cause central cholinergic effects
DUMBBELSS
Diarrhea, urination, miosis, bronchospasm, bradycardia, excitement of CNS, lacrimation, salivation, sweating
Weak nicotine kid
AChE inhibitor toxicity includes flaccid paralysis (NMJ nicotinic ACh receptor over-activation)
THIOL spray
insecticides are organophosphates - AChE inhibitor
Closing LID on TOXIC spray
praLIDoxime - reverses organophosphate toxicity (DUMBBELSS)
New toxic waste dumpsters
pralidoxime regenerates AChE at PERIPHERAL muscarinic and nicotinic receptors - reduces cholinergic toxicity including flaccid paralysis
Atropine Alice is in your head
atropine reverses both peripheral/central muscarinic toxicity from organophosphate poisoning but not paralysis
Old pest control man
“aging” of organophosphate cholinesterase complex leads to irreversible binding
Corroded dumpster
pralidoxime is ineffective once aging of complex has occurred
Done with brain puzzle
Donepezil - AChE inhibitor used to treat Alzheimer’s
Motorcycle Parking spots
Muscarinic ACh receptors
Reverse parking in spot
Muscarinic antagonists reversibly block muscarinic receptors
Blocked tweedleDUMBBELSS
antimuscarinics block muscarinic effects of diarrhea, urination, miosis, bronchospasm, bradycardia, excitation of CNS, lacrimation, salivation, sweat
Blocked acetyl-Cola bottle
antimuscarinics block action of ACh at M receptors
Alice
Atropine - antimuscarinic
Large pupil gazing into distance
antimuscarinics cause pupillary dilation (mydriasis) and cycloplegia (inabillity to accommodate lens for near vision - ciliary muscle)
Heart with jewel nodes
antimuscarinics block parasympathetic activation of M2 receptors on SA/AV nodes - increased HR, increased AV conduction
Elevated heart watch
antimuscarinics increase HR - treatment of bradycardia
Heart shield
heart block
Falling heart shields
antimuscarinics increase AV conduction - useful in treatment of heart block
Cat-ipra-tropillar
itrapropium - M3 muscarinic antagonist
Puffing
itrapropium is an inhaled antimuscarinic bronchodilator
Blue bloater with pink puffer
ipratropium is useful in management of COPD - antagonize M3 receptors causing bronchodilation and decreased secretions
Turning off bladder
treat incontinence - antagonize M3 receptors which relax smooth muscle in ureters and bladder wall
Parking Center sign over M1
M1 muscarinic receptors are found in CNS; M1 receptor antagonists can reduce tremors and rigidity in Parkinson’s disease
Benz parked in M1
Benztropine - centrally acting M1 muscarinic antagonist
Shaking antenna
centrally acting antimuscarinics (benztropine) treat tremor/rigidity in Parkinson’s by blocking excess cholinergic activity
Hot as a hare
antimuscarinics inhibit M3 receptors on sweat glands decreasing sweat - hyperthermia
Dry as a cracker
antimuscarinics decrease salivation and dry eyes
Blind as a bat
antimuscarinics cause mydriasis and cycloplegia - blurred vision
High pressure as a kettle
antimuscarinics cause mydriasis which decreases outflow of aqueous humor causing acute angle closure glaucoma