Skelletal sytsem Flashcards
Body positions
Supine
Prone
Supine
Laying face upward; on the back
Prone
Laying face downward on the stomach
Transferse plane
Divides the body into superior and inferior,
x axis
sagittal plane
Divids the body into left and right havles
y axis
coronal plane
Divides body into anterior and posterior
y axis but cut down through the ears
Appendicular skeleton
bones that help the body move
Axial skeleton
bones that cannot move but helps protect organs.
Appendicular skeletion bones
Shoulder
arms
pelvic
legs
feet
hands
Axial skeleton bones
Skull
chest
spinal column
What is cartilage?
a felxable connective tissue that are found between bones.
two functions of cartilage
cushion, and movement
What are joints?
The place where two bones meet, where allows degrees of movement
3 types of joints
fibrous
cartilaginous
synovial
What are fibrous joints?
Dense material as bones
very strong, connects
allows no movement
EX: sutures, where the skull forms
What are cartilaginous joints?
cartlage that physically holds the bones together
softer then bone but still not a ligament
allows for partal movement in joint
EX: vertebral disc
What are Synovial joints?
cushined by cartiledge but held together by ligments
also joint cavity filled with synoval fluid to reduce fricyyion, LUBE
EX: Elbow
gliding joints
description
allow the flat surfaces of bones to slide over each other; give you the ability to walk on uneven surfaces and move your hand to the right and left
ex: ankle
pivot joints
where two bones turn on each other and allow for rotation of a body part
EX; figit spinner
saddle joints
allows a bone to move front to back and left to right; more limited movement than a ball-and-socket joint
EX: thumb
hinge joints
allows bones to move in one direction only, like a swinging doo
EX: Knee
ball-and-socket joints
the knoblike end of one bone fits into the cup-like end of another; allows movement in almost any direction
EX: shoulder
What are bones
living tissue
WHat do bones do?
BOnes contribe to homeostasis by producing blood cells and acting as a storage bank for various minerals- calcuim
Three layers of Bone
Periosteum
compact bone tissue
spongy bone tissue
Periosteum
Protective tissue that holds and protects blood vessles that bring nuterients to and remover aste from the bone
compact bone tissue
It is made of rings of calcium, in the centre are called a Haversian canel through which a small blood vessle can run
spongy bone tissue
It holds and protects red and yellow bone marrow
Red bone marrow produces red blood cells,
Yellow bone marrow is primarily fat
Osteoblasts
Removes calcium from the blood and depostis in the bone
Osteoclasts
removes calcium from the bone and deposits it in the blood
types of planes
coronal plane
sagittal plane
Transferse plane
