Skeletons Flashcards
What are the 2 types of skeletons?
Exoskeleton
Endoskeleton
What are the 3 reasons why animals have skeletons?
To support their bodies
To protect parts of the body
To help them move above
What does exo means in Greek?
Outside
Give an example of an exoskeleton
Snails
Beetles
What makes up a shell of an exoskeleton?
Chitin and calcium
Why are animals with exoskeletons called invertebrates?
They do not have a backbone
What makes exoskeleton animals small?
The exoskeleton cannot grow and support the body
What is chitin?
Hard material that makes up the exoskeleton
What process happens when an animal with an exoskeleton grows and leaves its shell behind?
Shedding or mounting
What are the 4 functions of an exoskeleton?
Protect from injuries and predators
Support
Thin parts for movement
Colour - camouflage and warnings
What does endo mean in Greek?
Inside
What are animals with an endoskeleton called?
Vertebrates
What protects the brain?
A skull
What does a ribcage protect?
The heart and lungs
What joins arms and legs?
Your shoulders and hips
What is cartilage?
It is flexible, tough and rubbery and is found at the joints where the bones meet.
What is bone?
A bone is a hard and strong material
What is a vertebrae?
A small bone which makes up the backbone
Give examples of endoskeletons.
Mammals
Birds
Reptiles
Fish
How many bones make up the adult human skeleton?
206
What do ligaments do?
Joins bones together
What is a ligament
A strong tissue
What is a tendon?
A tissue which joins muscle to bone
What does a backbone protect?
Kidney and torso
What does a ribcage protect?
Liver
Stomach
Lungs
Heart
What does a skull protect?
Brain
Give 3 points on movement in our body related to the skeleton
- Humans & animals can move because of their skeletons & muscles.
- Muscles tighten and shorten or relax & lengthen. This moves the bone they are joined to.
- Muscles are joined to the inside of the endoskeleton.
