Skeleton, Joints & Muscles Flashcards
What is a synovial joint cavity filled with?
Synovial fluid
3 bones in the skull
Cranium, Mandible and Maxilla
2 bones in the shoulder
clavicle and scapula
3 bones in the arm
humerus, radius and ulna
3 bones in the hand
Carpals, Metacarpals and Phalanges
2 bones in the chest
Sternum and Ribs
3 bones in leg
Femur, Tibia and Fibula
3 bones in foot
Tarsals, Metatarsals and Phalanges.
What are the five reasons for the skeleton
Movement, shape, support, blood cell production and protection
What tissue is found inside bones
Bone marrow
Where in the skeleton can the hinge joint be found?
Fingers and toes
What is am example of the ball and socket joint
Hip and shoulder joints
Example of pivot joint
Neck
What is the role of synovial fluid
To reduce friction between the articular cartilage of synovial joints during movement
How does a fibrous joint work and where can it be found in the human skeleton?
Fibrous joints cannot move, an example is the cranium (skull)
How do muscles cause movement?
They contract
Muscles work together to create movement throughout the skeleton, what is this called?
They work in antagonistic pairs to create movement
What do flexor muscles do?
They bend a joint
What do extensor muscles do?
Straighten a joint
What is the purpose of tendons
They connect muscles to bones therefore transmitting he force of the muscle to the bone
True or false: your heart rate increases during and after exercise
True
Why does your heart rate increase after exercise
When doing physical activity your muscles will require more nutrients and eliminate waste products at the same time. The heart must then beat at a quicker rate to pump the blood through the body quicker meeting those demands.
Why does your breathing become heavier during exercise?
Your muscles are working significantly harder during physical activity and therefore their demand for oxygen increases. This happens because oxygen is needed to burn calories more quickly, with a faster breathing rate more oxygen is picked up at the lungs to deliver to the muscles.
Why does exercise make your body temperature rise?
More than 70 percent of the energy that powers your muscles is lost as heat, causing your body temperature to rise during exercise. To keep your body temperature from rising too high, your heart pumps the heat in your blood from your muscles to your skin, you sweat and it evaporates to cools your body
What is an independent variable
An independent variable is not changed by other factors or products of the experiment
What is a dependent variable
A variable that relies and changes based on other parts of an experiment.
What is a control variable
What stays the same
