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Anatomy > Skeleton > Flashcards

Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

1

A

mandible

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2
Q

2

A

cervical vertebrae

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3
Q

3

A

clavicle

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4
Q

4

A

ribs

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5
Q

5

A

humerus

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6
Q

6

A

radius

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7
Q

7

A

ulna

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8
Q

8

A

carpals

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9
Q

9

A

metacarpals

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10
Q

10

A

phalanges

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11
Q

11

A

sternum

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12
Q

12

A

lumbar vertebrae

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13
Q

13

A

ilium

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14
Q

14

A

sacrum

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15
Q

15

A

coccyx

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16
Q

16

A

pubis

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17
Q

17

A

ischium

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18
Q

18

A

femur

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19
Q

19

A

patella

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20
Q

20

A

tibia

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21
Q

21

A

fibula

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22
Q

22

A

tarsals

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23
Q

23

A

metatarsals

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24
Q

24

A

phalanges

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25
Q

25

A

clavicle

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26
Q

26

A

scapula

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27
Q

27

A

thoracic vertebrae

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28
Q

28

A

calcaneus

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29
Q

29

A

frontal

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30
Q

30

A

parietal

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31
Q

31

A

maxilla

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32
Q

32

A

pubic synthesis

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33
Q

33

A

occipital

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34
Q

34

A

cervical vertebrae

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35
Q

How many bones are in the body?

A

206

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36
Q

What connects bone to bone?

A

ligaments

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37
Q

What are the functions of bones? (5)

A
  1. Support
  2. Muscle Attachment/Movement
  3. Creates Blood (Red Bone Marrow)
  4. Store House of Minerals (Yellow Bone Marrow = Fat)
  5. Protection
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38
Q

What are the 2 types of bones?

A

Compact Bone and Spongy Bone

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39
Q

What type of bone is this?
- dense and smooth looking
- hard from many minerals

A

compact bone

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40
Q

What type of bone is this?
- porous; lots of space
- on the ends of

A

spongy bone

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41
Q

1 (Long Bone)

A

Epiphysis

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42
Q

2 (Long Bone)

A

Diaphysis

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43
Q

3 (Long Bone)

A

Epiphysis

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44
Q

4 (Long Bone)

A

Spongy Bone

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45
Q

5 (Long Bone)

A

Medullary Cavity

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46
Q

6 (Long Bone)

A

Compact Bone

47
Q

7 (Lone Bone)

A

Endosteum

48
Q

8 (Long Bone)

A

Periosteum

49
Q

9 (Long Bone)

A

Articular Cartilage

50
Q

What is the SKELETAL PART that includes the HEAD and BONES?

A

Axial

51
Q

What is the SKELETAL PART that includes the EXTREMETIES?

Appendages

A

Appendicular

52
Q

Examples of LONG BONES

A

Femur
Timia
Humerus

53
Q

Examples of SHORT BONES

SCIENTIFIC NAMES

A

Carpals
Tarsals

54
Q

Examples of FLAT BONES

A

Pelvis
Cranial
Ribs

55
Q

Examples of IRREGULAR BONES

A

Vertebrae

56
Q

When the ligament attaches to the bone

Put onto

A

Projection

57
Q

What do projections help form?

A

Joints

58
Q

Where do blood cells and nerves pass through bone?

A

depressions and openings

59
Q

Bones start out in the embryo as _________.

A

Cartilage

60
Q

Cartilage changes into bone in a process called _________________.

A

Ossification

61
Q

Ossification is complete by age ____.

A

25

62
Q

The hyaline cartilage is completely COVERED with a bone matrix by ______________. (bone building/forming cells)

bone, _____ from the past

A

Osteoblasts

63
Q

The hyaline cartilage is REPLACED by bone formed by osteoblasts moving in from the __________.

A

Periosteum

64
Q

The osteocytes lay down a new __________ and then get trapped and turn into ___________.

A

Matrix, Osteocytes

65
Q

Mature bone cells (VOCAB)

A

Osteocytes

66
Q

The center is DIGESTED away leaving the _________________.

A

Medullary Cavity

67
Q

The NON-LIVING part of the bone

A

Matrix

68
Q

Mature bone cells

A

Osteocytes

69
Q

Osteocytes are found in cavities called

A

Lacunae

70
Q

Lacunae are arranged in circles called

A

Lamellae

71
Q

Run lengthwise & supply blood vessels & nerves to all areas of the bone

A

Haversian Canals

72
Q

Radiate out from the HAVERSIAN CANALS to all LACUNAE.
(transport nutrient supply to the osteocytes within the hard bone matrix)

A

Canaliculi

73
Q

What type of ribs attach to the STERNUM by cartilage?

A

True

74
Q

What type of ribs attach to EACH OTHER or NOTHING?

A

False

75
Q

What is a floating rib?

A

A type of false rib, attaches to nothing in the ANTERIOR (back) of the body?

76
Q

What is the purpose of the spine?

A

To support the skull and disperse weight to the lower limbs

77
Q

What is between vertebrae? (2)

A

fibrocartilage and intervertebral disks

78
Q

What is the purpose of intervertebral disks?

A

To cushion and absorb shock

79
Q

What are the PRIMARY curves that are present when born? (2)

A

Thoracic and Sacral

80
Q

What curve is acquired when we learn to hold our heads up?

A

Cervical

81
Q

What curve is acquired when we learn to stand?

A

Lumbar

82
Q

1 (Vertebrae)

A

Spinous Process

83
Q

2 (Vertebrae)

A

Lamina

84
Q

3 (Vertebra)

A

Pedicle

85
Q

4 (Vertebrae)

A

Transverse Process

86
Q

5 (Vertebrae)

A

Vertebral Foramen

87
Q

6 (Vertebrae)

A

Centrum (Body)

88
Q

What are the types of vertebrae? (5)

A
  • Cervical
  • Thoracic
  • Lumbar
  • Sacral
  • Coccal
89
Q

How many CERVICAL vertebrae are there?

A

7

90
Q

What are the first two cervical vertebrae?

A

The atlas and axis

91
Q

How many THORACIC vertebrae are there?

A

12

92
Q

What type of vertebrae has a long spinous process and a round vertebral foramen?

A

Thoracic

93
Q

How many LUMBAR vertebrae are there?

A

5

94
Q

How many SACRAL vertebrae are there?

A

1

95
Q

How many COCCAL vertebrae are there?

A

1

96
Q

A place where two bones articulate

A

joint

97
Q

What are the general types of joints? (3)

A
  • Synovial
  • Cartilaginous
  • Fibrous
98
Q

Give an example of a SYNOVIAL (freely moveable) joint

A

elbow, shoulder

99
Q

Give an example of a CARTILAGINOUS (slightly movable) joint

A

vertebrae

100
Q

Give an example of a FIBROUS (immovable) joint

A

crainial

101
Q

Name a ball and socket joint

A

hip, shoulder

102
Q

Name a hinge joint

A

elbow, knee

103
Q

Name a pivot joint

A

atlas/axis, radioulnar

104
Q

Name a gliding joint

A

ankle

105
Q

Name an ellipsoid joint

A

wrist

106
Q

Name a saddle joint

A

thumb

107
Q

Infants’ heads are _______ of their body length.

A

1/4

108
Q

Adults’ heads are ______ their body length.

A

1/8

109
Q

Allows for compression from birth and brain count. Means little fountain.

A

Fontanel

110
Q

When does the fontanel fully ossify?

A

By age 2

111
Q

What happens to female bodies when they hit puberty?

A

Their pelvis broadens

112
Q

What happens to male bodies when they hit puberty?

A

The entire skeleton becomes more robust

113
Q

What happens to bones as people age and become less physically active?

A

They become thin and fragile

Anatomy (7 decks)

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