Skeleto-muscular Flashcards
Substance that hardens their exoskeletal part
Chitin
Happens between the muscles and bone for more refined movements
Kinesiology
Skeleton is divided into two part
Axial
Appendicular
These bones are found in the MIDDLE PORTION of the body
Axial skeleton
Colar bone
Clavicle
Shoulder blade bones
Scapila
Bones of the wrist
Carpal
Bones of the palms
Metacarpals
Bones of the fingers / digitd
Phalanges
Longest bone of the body
Femur
Sesamoid bones
Patella
Bones of the ankles
Tarsal
Bones of the sole of the foot
Metatarsals
Bones of the toes / digitw
phalanges
Palms up position
Supine
Palms down position
Prone
Bones of the upper limbs and lower limbs
Appendicular skeleton
Five function of the bones
Support
Protection
Blood cell formation
Mineral storage (Calcium)
Site for skeletal muscles attachment
Classification of bone
Shape
-long bones
-short bones
-flat bones
-irregular
-round
Architecture
-spongy bone (cancellous bone)
-connect bone (lamellar body)
Fine structure
-primary bone (woven bone)
-secondary bone
Distal / ends of long bones
Epiphysis
Middle portion of long bones
Diaphysis
Outer layer of bone
Periosteum
Inner layer of bone
Endosteum
What can be found in the epiphysis ends
Compact bone
Articular cartilage
Spongy bone containing red marrow
What can be found in the diaphysis
Compact bone
Medullary cavity
this contains the yellow marrow (fat) lined with endosteum (squamous epithelium)
Medullary cavity
this contains the yellow marrow (fat) lined with endosteum (squamous epithelium)
Medullary cavity
Determines if bone has reached its maximum vertical growth
Epiphyseal line
Lines the medullary cavity
Endosteum
Very tough connective tissue that covers the inner surface of the bone
Endosteum
Is a very tough connective tissue that covers the inners surface of the bone and lines the medullary activity
endosteum
Protects the bone from foreign infections
Periosteum
Is made up of osteocytes housed by the lacunae
Compact bone
Arranged in concentric circles called lamallae
Compact bones
Surrounds a central canal / haversian canal; complex form is haversian system
Compact bone
It is made up of osteocytes housed by the lacunae and is arranged in lamellae. It also surround a central canal
Compact bone
It is the extension from the area of the epiphysis to the diaphysis
Trabeculae
It connects the haversian cannal
Volkmann’s canal
Area between haversian system
Interstitial lamellae
Three basic cells of bones
Osteoblast
Osteocytes
Osteoclast
These cells remove damaged cells and release calcium into the blood
Osteoclasts
These cells remove calcium from the blood and build new matrix. they then become trapped and eventually turn into osteoclasts
Osteoblasts