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Zoology > Integumentary system > Flashcards

Integumentary system Flashcards

1
Q

Integumentary system consist of?

A

Skin; epidermis and dermis
accessory structures; sebacaous glands, sudoriferous glands, hairs, nails

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2
Q

The five function of the integumentary system

A

for
Protection
Sensation
Excretion
Vitamin d production
Temperature regulation

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3
Q

The largest organ in the body

A

Skin

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4
Q

Organ that preserve the body temperature

A

Skin

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5
Q

Three main layers of the Epidermis (outer - inner)

A

Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis (Subcutaneous tissue (fat))

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6
Q

The sensory nerve endings are specifically located at the?

A

Dermis papillary layer

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7
Q

What are underneath the (peeled) epidermis?

A

Corrugations

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8
Q

The epidermis corrugations are attached to the?

A

Dermal papilla

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9
Q

Three layers of the epidermis (lpo) (top - bottom)

A

Epidermis
(dermal papilla)
Papillary layer of the dermis
Reticular layer of the dermis

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10
Q

Five layers of the epidermis (hpo) (top - bottom)

A

stratum Corneum
stratum Lucidum
stratum Granulosum
stratum Spinosum
stratum Basale / stratum Germinativum

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11
Q

These three can be found in the papillary layer of the dermis

A

Nerve endings; thermoreceptor, mechanoreceptors
hair follicles
glands

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12
Q

These are abundant in the reticular layer of the dermis

A

Abundance of reticular fibers

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13
Q

What can be found on the reticular layer of the dermis

A

Abundance of reticular fiber

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14
Q

This tissue is made up of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

A

stratum Corneum

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15
Q

This tissue is the most superficial and consist of cornified cells

A

stratum Corneum

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16
Q

This tissue is composed of three to five layers of dead, flattened keratinocytes

A

stratum Lucidum

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17
Q

This tissue is only found in thick skin cells (like palms and soles)

A

stratum lucidum

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18
Q

This tissue is a thin, clear zone of dead skin cells

A

stratum Lucidum

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19
Q

This tissue is composed of three to five layers of dead, flattened keratinocytes. It is composed of thin, clear zone of dead skin cells. It is also only found in thick skin cells like the palms and soles.

A

stratum Lucidum

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20
Q

Keratohyalin granules inside the cells are found in this tissue

A

stratum Granulosum

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21
Q

Keratin are usually stored in this tissue and are released within the epidermis

A

stratum Granulosum

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22
Q

The nucleus and other organelles in the superficial layer of this tissue denigrate and the cells die

A

stratum Granulosum

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23
Q

In this tissue keratohyalin granules inside the cells are found and keratin are usually stored here and are released within the epidermis. The nucleus and other organelles in the superficial layer if this tissue also denigrate and the cells die

A

stratum Granulosum

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24
Q

This tissue is spindle-shaped when hydrated but flat when dehydrated

A

stratum Spinosum

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25
Q

There is limited cell division in this tissue

A

stratum Spinosum

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26
Q

This tissue is spindle-shaped when hydrated but is flat when dehydrated. There is also limited cell division in this tissue portion

A

stratum Spinosum

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27
Q

The highly mitotic cells of the epidermis are found here which replaced the old cells

A

stratum Basale / stratum Germinativum

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28
Q

This tissue is the deepest portion of the epidermis

A

stratum Basale / stratum Germinativum

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29
Q

This tissue has high mitotic activity and is the deepest portion of the epidermis

A

stratum Basale / stratum Germinativum

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30
Q

Nerve endings are found in the?

A

Dermal papilla

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31
Q

Four epidermal cells

A

Melanocytes
Keratinocytes
Merkel’s cells
Langerhans’ cells

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32
Q

This cell is the pigment melanin (gives pigment)

A

Melanocytes

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33
Q

This cell is usually found at the area of the stratum Basale / stratum Germinativum

A

Melanocytes

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34
Q

This cell is usually found at the area of the stratum Basale / stratum Germinativum and gives pigment (pigment melanin)

A

Melanocytes

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35
Q

This cell produces keratine

A

Keratinocytes

36
Q

This cell is found on most layers of the dermis
(stratum Corneum, stratum Lucidum, stratum Granulosum)

A

Keratinocytes

37
Q

This cell is found on most layers of the dermis
(stratum Corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum Granulosum)

A

Keratinocytes

38
Q

This cell detects light touch and pressure

A

Merkel’s cells

39
Q

This cell is part of the immune system

A

Langerhans’ cells

40
Q

This is the waterproofing of the epidermis

A

Keratinization

41
Q

This is when cells die and produce the outer layer that resist abrasion and forms the permeability layer

A

Keratinization

42
Q

This is the waterproofing of the cells and when the cells die, it produces the outer layer that resists abrasions and form a permeability layer

A

Keratinization

43
Q

The lipid and protein found in the the stratum Corneum

A

Intercellular lipid
Keratin

44
Q

Subcellular structure that is found in the stratum Lucidum

A

Lamellar body

45
Q

Subcellular structure found in the stratum Lucidum that releases lipids

A

Lamellar body

46
Q

What does the lamellar body releases?

A

Lipids

47
Q

These can be found in the stratum Granulosum

A

Protein envelope
Keratohyalin granules

48
Q

These can be found in the stratum spinosum

A

Lipid-filled lamellar body
Keratin fiber

49
Q

These can be found in the stratum Basale / stratum Germinativum

A

Desmosome
Hemidesmosomes
Basement membrane

50
Q

What layer is plump if it is filled with lipid but flat if not?

A

stratum Spinosum

51
Q

Two layers of the dermis

A

Superficial layer
Deeper reticular layer

52
Q

This layer is underneath the dermis and is made up of loose connective tissue

A

Superficial layer

53
Q

This layer is made up of dense connective tissue and is responsible for the formation of striae (stretch marks)

A

Deeper reticular layer

54
Q

This layer is made up of connective tissue fibers, subcutaneous fat, adipose cells, and contains macrophages

A

Hypodermis

55
Q

The accessory skin structures

A

Hair
Nails
Glands (sebaceous glands, sudoriferous glands)

56
Q

Two types of sudoriferous glands

A

Merocrine sweat glands
Apocrine sweat glands

57
Q

The gland secretory portion is intact thus, producing sweat within the cells which is secreted by the cells at the secretory portion then is transmitted to the duct into the ski

A

Merocrine sweat glands

58
Q

The gland secretory portion is apart thus, becomes the secretion itself. thus, it buds off and enters the duct to the skin.

A

Apocrine sweat glands

59
Q

This is found above the skin surface

A

Hair shaft

60
Q

This is known as the base of the hair root and the area where the hair is initially formed

A

hair bulb

61
Q

The gland is connected to the hair follicle to lubricate the hair shaft to give it a shiny appearance and give protection to the scalp from any bacterial or fungal infection

A

Sebaceous glands

62
Q

These muscles are connected to the hair follicle and gives that goosebump appearance

A

Arrector pili

63
Q

Three concentric layer of the hair

A

Medulla
Cortex
Cuticle

64
Q

Three concentric layer of the hair

A

Medulla
Cortex
Cuticle

65
Q

The dilated portion of the hair root

A

Hair bulb

66
Q

The central axis of the hair

A

Medulla

67
Q

This forms the bulk of hair

A

Cortex

68
Q

This forms the hair surface

A

Cuticle

69
Q

Three dense connective tissue that gives more protection to hair structure

A

Internal epithelial root sheath
External epithelial root sheath
Dermal root sheath

70
Q

Anatomy of the nail

A

Nail root is proximal
Nail body is distal

71
Q

Growth of nail is

A

Continous

72
Q

What produces the nails?

A

Nial root

73
Q

The nail root is made up of?

A

Dead cells

74
Q

This area of the nail is made up of dead cells

A

Nail root

75
Q

This gland produces sebum and oils the hair and skin surface

A

sebaceous glands

76
Q

this gland is commonly found in the palms, soles, forehead, axillae, genitalia, and around the anus

A

Sudoriferous glands

77
Q

This gland secretes earwax

A

cerumonous

78
Q

This gland produces milk

A

Mammary glands

79
Q

What does the sebaceous glands produces

A

Sebum

80
Q

What is the purpose of sebaceous glands

A

Oils hair and skin surface

81
Q

what does the ceruminous gland secretes?

A

Earwax

82
Q

What does the mammary gland produce

A

Milk

83
Q

Also known as the accumulation of keratin

A

Keratinization

84
Q

Produces upper layer of cells of epidermis, hair, and nails

A

Keratinization

85
Q

Two main types of glands in skin

A

Sebaceous glands (Oily)
Sudoriferous glands (watery)

Zoology (6 decks)

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