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Med Term > Skeletal System Vocab > Flashcards

Skeletal System Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

ligament

A

connect bone to bone

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2
Q

osteoblast

A

produce immature bony tissue that replaces cartilage

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3
Q

osteoclast

A

reabsorb or digest bone (remodels) (osteoblasts + clasts work to deposit and tear down bone throughout life)

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4
Q

diaphysis

A

shaft of long bones

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5
Q

epiphysis

A

end of long bones

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6
Q

metaphysis

A

cone-like flared portion btwn end & shaft

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7
Q

epiphyseal plate

A

growth plate where cartilage is replaced by bone for bone growth (in length)

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8
Q

articular cartilage

A

-covers ends of bones
-cushions joint & allows them to move smoothly
-smooth, glistening white tissue that covers the surface of a joint

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9
Q

compact bone

A

contains haversian systems for blood vessels, nerves, and yellow bone marrow

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10
Q

cancellous bone

A

(spongy) spaces contain red bone marrow with elements for hematopoiesis

production of blood cells and platelets, occurs in the bone marrow

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11
Q

red bone marrow

A

-rich w blood vessels
-blood cells at different stages of development
-hematpoiesis
-changes to yellow later in life

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12
Q

yellow bone marrow

A

mostly fat

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13
Q

bone processes

A

serves as attachments for muscles, tendons, & ligaments

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14
Q

bone depression

A

openings or hollow regions; passageways for nerves &/or vessels (-Fissure- Foramen- Fossa- Sinus)

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15
Q

bone head (bone process)

A

rounded end of the bone

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16
Q

condyle (bone process)

A

rounded knuckle-like process

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17
Q

epicondyle (bone process)

A

small rounded process for tendon attachment

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18
Q

trochanter (bone process)

A

-femur only; greater and lesser
-tendon attachment

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19
Q

tuberosity (tubercle) (bone process)

A

small rounded elevation for tendon attachment

20
Q

fissure (bone depression)

A

narrow grow; slit-like (ex. orbitial fissure, eye socket)

21
Q

foramen (bone depress)

A

opening for blood vessels & nerves (foremen magnum of skull)

22
Q

fossa (bone depress)

A

shallow cavity in or on a bone (olecranon fossa on humerus (elbow))

23
Q

sinus (bone depress)

A

hollow cavity w/in bone (sinuses of skull)

24
Q

sinuses

A

-located in facial and cranial bone
-lighten the skull
-warm and moisten the air as it passes into the respiratory sys

25
Q

vertebrae

A

-26 bone segments from base of skull to tailbone in 5 divisions and separated by pads of cartilage called intervertebral disks

26
Q

intervertebral disks (vertebrae)

A

pads of cartilage

27
Q

Vertebrae sections

A

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyx (tailbone)

28
Q

coccyx (vertebrae)

A

tailbone

29
Q

acetabulum

A

the socket of the hipbone into which the femur fits

30
Q

bursa (pl. bursae)

A

-closed sacs of synovial fluid
-located near a joint

31
Q

meniscus

A

-cartilage that divides a joint
-protective cushion
-located in the knee

32
Q

tendons

A

connect muscle to bone

33
Q

ossification

A

replacement of cartilage w/ bone

34
Q

hormones that regular calcium levels in blood & bone

A

PTH & calcitonin

35
Q

calcium source

A

skeleton

36
Q

proper formation of bones depends on sources of

A

Calcium, potassium, & vitamin D

37
Q

where is bone marrow found

A

ribs, pelvic bone, sternum, vertebrae, epiphysis of long bones

38
Q

articulation

A

any type of joint (any place in the body where 2+ bones meet and form a connection)

39
Q

cartilage

A

A tough, flexible tissue that lines joints and gives structure to body (including nose, ears, larynx/voicebox)

40
Q

3 types of joints

A

immovable (synarthroses), freely movable (diarthroses), slightly moveable (Amphiarthroses)

41
Q

immovable (synarthroses) ex

A

cranium,

42
Q

Freely moveable (Diarthroses) categories

A

gliding joint, pivotal joint, saddle joint, hinge joint, condylar joint, ball and socket joint

43
Q

Slightly moveable (Amphiarthroses)

A

ribs and pelvis

44
Q

Slightly moveable (Amphiarthroses) TYPE

A

Synovial- (ball and socket joints)

45
Q

synovial joints

A
  • Joint capsule surrounds bone
  • Synovial membrane lies under capsule & lines synovial cavity; filled with synovial fluid
46
Q

periosteum

A

a dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping the bones except at the surfaces of the joints

47
Q

osteocyte

A

nourishes & maintains bone

Med Term (6 decks)

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