Skeletal System Test Flashcards
Condyle
rounded process that usually articulates with another bone
Crest
narrow ridge-like projection
Fontanelle
soft spot in infant skull where fusion is not yet complete
Foramen
hole through bone
Meatus
tubelike passageway through a bone
Process
any prominent projection on a bone
Suture
interlocking line of union between bones
How many cervical vertebrae
7
How many thoracic vertebrae
12
How many lumbar vertebrae
5
How many sacral vertebrae
5
Angle of pubic arch: male
V
Angle of pubic arch: female
Tilted right angle
Angle of coccyx: male
Curves inward
Angle of coccyx: female
Straight down
Clavicle
Collarbone
Olecranon process
Uses ulna to provide flexion and extension of the elbow
Patella
Kneecap
Scapula
Shoulder blade
Sternum
Breast bone
Zygomatic process
Cheek bone
How bones form in embryo
Flat bones form when cells in the peripheral regions differentiate into bone tissue. Long bones begin as cartilage models in the proximal diaphysis, which gradually replace with bone towards the distal epiphyses. Growth occurs at the epiphyseal plate, allowing for lengthening along the sagittal plane.
How fractures heal
A collection of blood forms at the break site, filling the area with blood in a deep, medial position. A fibrocartilage callous covers the break and turns into sponge bone. Over time, this bone remodels into compact bone, restoring the original, superficial structure in a lateral and anterior position.
Size of pelvic outlet
Female larger than male for childbirth
Changes shape of hips: male
Narrow, angular
Changes shape of hips: female
Broad, rounded
Structure and framework/ protection
Provides body shape and protects organs
Storage of fat
Yellow bone marrow
Attachment for muscles/ movement
Bones anchor muscles, enabling movement. Tendons.
Blood production
Red bone marrow produces blood cells
Storage of minerals and toxins
Stores minerals like calcium and phosphorus
Significance of xiphoid process of sternum
Don’t do CPR on it
