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Muscles Test Flashcards

1
Q

Skeletal muscle:

Location

A

Moves body parts mostly via bones

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2
Q

Skeletal muscle:

Number of nuclei

A

Multiple

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3
Q

Skeletal muscle:

Striations?

A

Yes (striped)

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4
Q

Skeletal muscle:

Involuntary or voluntary?

A

Voluntary

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5
Q

Skeletal muscle:

Intercalated disc?

A

No

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6
Q

Skeletal muscle:

Appearance: length, shape, etc.

A

Long cells

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7
Q

Cardiac muscle:

Location

A

Heart only

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8
Q

Cardiac muscle:

Number of nuclei

A

One

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9
Q

Cardiac muscle:

Striations?

A

Striations

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10
Q

Cardiac muscle:

Involuntary or voluntary?

A

Involuntary

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11
Q

Cardiac muscle:

Intercalated disc?

A

Yes

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12
Q

Cardiac muscle:

Appearance: length, shape, etc.

A

Shorter, branched

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13
Q

Smooth muscle:

Location

A

In hollow organs, skin, eyes (iris), etc.

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14
Q

Smooth muscle:

Number of nuclei

A

One

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15
Q

Smooth muscle:

Striations?

A

0 Striations

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16
Q

Smooth muscle:

Involuntary or voluntary?

A

Involuntary

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17
Q

Smooth muscle:

Intercalated disc?

A

No

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18
Q

Smooth muscle:

Appearance: length, shape, etc.

A

Spindle-shaped

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19
Q

Genetic muscle disorder cause = usually mistakes or missing info to make _________

A

Proteins

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20
Q

Botox =

A

Blocks stimulation of muscle fibers

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21
Q

Oxygen debt = accumulation of _________ during anaerobic respiration

A

Lactic acid

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22
Q

Fast twitch muscle:

Speed of contraction

A

Fast

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23
Q

Fast twitch muscle:

Power of contraction

A

High

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24
Q

Fast twitch muscle:

Length of contraction

A

Short

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25
Q

Fast twitch muscle:

Adapted for what types of activity

A

Strength and speed

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26
Q

Fast twitch muscle:

What type of muscle control: gross-motor or fine-motor?

A

Gross-motor

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27
Q

Fast twitch muscle:

Which type of respiration adapted for and why? (aerobic vs. anaerobic)

A

Anaerobic; relies on stored energy and produces energy quickly but fatigues faster

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28
Q

Fast twitch muscle:

Typical Sports preferred

A

Sprinting, powerlifting, football, basketball

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29
Q

Slow twitch muscle:

Speed of contraction

A

Slow

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30
Q

Slow twitch muscle:

Power of contraction

A

Low

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31
Q

Slow twitch muscle:

Length of contraction

A

Long

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32
Q

Slow twitch muscle:

Adapted for what types of activity

A

Endurance activities

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33
Q

Slow twitch muscle:

What type of muscle control: gross-motor or fine-motor?

A

Fine-motor

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34
Q

Slow twitch muscle:

Which type of respiration adapted for and why? (aerobic vs. anaerobic)

A

Aerobic; uses oxygen efficiently for sustained energy production

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35
Q

Slow twitch muscle:

Typical Sports preferred

A

Marathon running, cycling, swimming, soccer

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36
Q

Muscle atrophy =

A

degeneration of muscle tissue due to malnutrition, immobilization, paralysis

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37
Q

Rhabdomyolosis = accumulation of _______ in the blood

38
Q

Rhabdomyolosis:

Treatment

A

hydration, dialysis, diuretics to flush out crystals

39
Q

Trapezius

A

Upper back/neck

40
Q

Biceps brachii

41
Q

Rectus abdominus

A

Front of abdomen

42
Q

Rectus femoris

A

Front of thigh

43
Q

Vastus medialis

A

Inner thigh

44
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

Outer thigh

45
Q

Sartorius

A

Long diagonal thigh muscle

46
Q

Gastrocnemius

47
Q

Soleus

A

Underneath calf muscle

48
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

Front of shin

49
Q

External oblique

A

Side of abdomen

50
Q

Serratus anterior

A

Side of rib cage

51
Q

Pectoralis major

52
Q

Deltoid

53
Q

Infraspinatus

A

Back of shoulder

54
Q

Teres major

A

Back of shoulder blade

55
Q

Teres minor

A

Back of shoulder

56
Q

Triceps brachii

A

Back of upper arm

57
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

Broad back muscle

58
Q

Rhomboid major

A

Between shoulder blades

59
Q

Gluteus maximus

60
Q

Adductor magnus

A

Inner thigh

61
Q

Gracilis

A

Inner thigh (long, thin)

62
Q

Biceps femoris

A

Back of thigh (hamstring)

63
Q

Semimembranosus

A

Back of thigh (hamstring)

64
Q

Semitendinosus

A

Back of thigh (hamstring)

65
Q

Supraspinatus

A

Top of shoulder blade

66
Q

Adductor longus

A

Inner thigh

67
Q

Peroneus longus

A

Outer lower leg

68
Q

Tibialis posterior

A

Deep back of lower leg

69
Q

Frontalis/occipitalis (epicranius)

A

Forehead/back of skull

70
Q

Orbicularis oculi

A

Around eye

71
Q

Orbicularis oris

A

Around mouth

72
Q

Masseter

73
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Side of neck

74
Q

Buccinator

75
Q

Splenius capitis

A

Back of neck

76
Q

Temporalis

A

Side of skull

77
Q

Levator palpabrae superioris

78
Q

Platysma

A

Bottom of chin/front of neck

79
Q

Transverse abdominus

A

Deep abdomen (horizontally)

80
Q

Internal oblique

A

Side of abdomen (under external oblique)

81
Q

Brachialis

A

Deep front upper arm

82
Q

Brachioradialis

A

Forearm (thumb side)

83
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Inner forearm (pinky side)

84
Q

Flexor carpi radialis

A

Forearm (thumb side)

85
Q

Flexor digitorum sublimis

A

Forearm (finger flexor)

86
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris

A

Back forearm (pinky side)

87
Q

Extensor carpi radialis

A

Back forearm (thumb side)

88
Q

Extensor digitorum

A

Back forearm (finger extensor)

89
Q

Pronator teres

A

Forearm (palm-down rotation)

90
Q

Supinator

A

Forearm (palm-up rotation)

91
Q

Bonus #A

Describe what happens to make a muscle contract

A

Actin and myosin filaments slide past each other (sliding filament theory) when calcium binds to troponin. ATP powers the cross-bridge cycling, leading to muscle contraction.

92
Q

Bonus #B

Tell me about anabolic steroids

A

Synthetic hormones that mimic testosterone; they boost muscle growth but cause severe side effects (e.g., liver damage, mood swings).

Anatomy (9 decks)

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