Skeletal System (Bones, Cartilage, & Joints) Flashcards
What are the functions of the bone?
Rigid support Site of muscle attachment Internal organ protection Storage for calcium Continuous blood cell supply
What are the functions of cartilage?
Semi-rigid support Decrease friction -hyaline cartilage, specifically -lines articular surfaces of bones within synovial joints Allow for growth
Names of joints like of the elbow and knee
Synovial
A word that means related to joints:
Articular
Another word for compact bone
Cortical
Where is compact bone likely to be the dominate kind of bone?
Where it is most likely to buckle
Spongy or compact is superficial
Compact
What is the structural unit of the compact bone?
The osteon
What is the hole in the middle of an osteon called?
Central canal
Why is there a canal for the osteon?
For vessels and nerves
What is the shape of the osteon?
Circular
What kind of blood does the artery carry?
Oxygenated
What kind of blood does the vein carry?
Deoxygenated
What are the blood vessels and nerves in the Central canal for?
To nourish the bone
What are the little holes that surround the central canal?
Lacuna
What does the lacuna hold?
Osteocytes
What are the growth rings that the lacuna is formed of called?
Lamella/lamellae
What does spongy bone lack that compact bone has?
Osteons
What are the 2 main parts of spongy bone?
Trabeculae and marrow cavities
What kind of stress does the trabeculae handle?
Stress from multiple directions
What is the shape of trabeculae?
Fine, irregular plates
What’s another word for marrow cavities?
Medullary cavities
What, other than the osteon, is capable of laying down new bone?
Periosteum