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BIO 2300 C > Integumentary Systems > Flashcards

Integumentary Systems Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the appendages of the skin?

A

Glands, hair, sensory receptors

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2
Q

What does skin do?

A 
Protects, 
prevents water loss, 
temperature regulation, 
sensory perception, 
excretory organ- sweat, 
formation of vit D
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3
Q

What does skin protect us from?

A

Physical injury
Chemicals
Toxicins
Microbes

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4
Q

What are the regions of integument?

A

Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis (subcutaneous)

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5
Q

Which regions of the integument makes up skin?

A

Epidermis

Dermis

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6
Q

What are the names of the layers of the epidermis from superficial to deep?

A 
Stratum corneum 
Stratum lucidum (for thick skin) 
Stratum granulosum 
Stratum spinosum 
Stratum basale
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7
Q

What protein is in the epidermis?

A

Karatin

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8
Q

Nutrients, oxygen exchange etc comes from which layer?

A

Dermis

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9
Q

Cells that make up most of the epidermis

A

Keratinocytes

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10
Q

Stratum corneum

A 
Most superficial layer of skin 
#1 layer
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11
Q

Stratum basale

A 
Deepest layer of skin 
#5 layer
Contains cells (melanocytes) for melanin
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12
Q

Melanin’s function

A

Absorbs ultraviolet radiation and protects against DNA damage

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13
Q

Where do stem cells come from?

A

Stratum basale

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14
Q

Two layers of the Dermis

A

Papillary & Reticular (superficial, deep)

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15
Q

As a result of more protein fibers, name the layers of the dermis from loose to dense.

A

Papillary, Reticular

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16
Q

Why is the connective tissue loose in the papillary layer of the dermis?

A

For the exchange of nutrients and fluids to epidermis

17
Q

What in the dermis gives the skin elasticity and strength?

A

Collagen and elastic fibers

18
Q

What does the papillary layer of the dermis contain that nourishes epidermis?

A

Capillaries

19
Q

Hypodermis functions

A

Absorbs shock
Prevents heat loss from body insulates the deep body structures
Common site for drug injection because extensive vascular network

20
Q

Other words for epidermis

A

Stratified squamous

21
Q

First degree effects which layer(s) of skin? Symptoms? How long to heal?

A

Epidermis
Localized redness, swelling and pain
3-10 days

22
Q

Second degree effects which layer(s) of skin? Symptoms? How long to heal?

A

Epidermis, dermis
2nd degree symptoms but blisters appear because of the extracellular fluid
3-4 weeks

23
Q

Third degree effects which layer(s) of skin? Symptoms? How long to heal?

A

Epidermis, dermis and hypodermis
Burner area appears gray-white, cherry red, or black
No initial Edema (swelling (burn has gone thru area that provides fluid)) or pain (nerve endings destroyed), great fluid loss,
Grafting often necessary in larger burns

24
Q

Fourth degree effects which layer(s) of skin? Symptoms? How long to heal?

A

Entire integument (epidermis, dermis, hypodermis) into underlying tendons, ligaments, muscle and bone
Black, charred or leathery Gray appearance
Amputation of appendages often required
Very challenging to survive

25
Q

What are the two sweat glands?

A

Merocrine and Apocrine

26
Q

What is the type of sweat and locations of merocrine sweat glands?

A

Water-like

Palms, soles of feet, and forehead

27
Q

What is the type of sweat and locations of Apocrine sweat glands?

A

Sweat containing fat and protein (leads to body odor)

Axillary and genital areas

28
Q

What are the names of a sweat duct from superficial to deep?

A

Sweat pore
Sweat gland duct
Sweat gland

29
Q

Merocrine sweat gland function

A

Temperature regulation

30
Q

Apocrine sweat gland function

A

Provide nutrients

31
Q

What does Sebaceous gland in hypodermis do?

A

Secretes sebum (see-bum) oil

(Commonly found on face, neck, and trunk
Not on palms or soles)

Softens and lubricates hair and skin

Controlled by hormones (active during puberty)

32
Q

What is the sebaceous gland close to?

A

Hair follicle

33
Q

Where does hair grow from?

A

The hair bulb

34
Q

Name the 4 parts of hair superficial to deep?

A

Shaft, hair follicle, hair bulb, hair papilla

35
Q

Smooth muscle that responds to fear and temperature

A

Arrector Pili

36
Q

What are the 3 sensory receptors in skin?

A

Meissner’s corpuscle
Afferent nerve endings
Pacinian corpuscle

37
Q

What does meissner’s corpuscle do?

A

Received stimulation and can create impulse.

Picks up light changes and stimulation like tickle.

38
Q

What do Bare (sensory) nerve endings do?

A

Pick up pain, heat and cold

39
Q

What does the pacinian corpuscle do?

A

Senses pressure

Larger and deeper into dermis/hypodermis

BIO 2300 C (8 decks)

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