Integumentary Systems Flashcards
What are the appendages of the skin?
Glands, hair, sensory receptors
What does skin do?
Protects, prevents water loss, temperature regulation, sensory perception, excretory organ- sweat, formation of vit D
What does skin protect us from?
Physical injury
Chemicals
Toxicins
Microbes
What are the regions of integument?
Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis (subcutaneous)
Which regions of the integument makes up skin?
Epidermis
Dermis
What are the names of the layers of the epidermis from superficial to deep?
Stratum corneum Stratum lucidum (for thick skin) Stratum granulosum Stratum spinosum Stratum basale
What protein is in the epidermis?
Karatin
Nutrients, oxygen exchange etc comes from which layer?
Dermis
Cells that make up most of the epidermis
Keratinocytes
Stratum corneum
Most superficial layer of skin #1 layer
Stratum basale
Deepest layer of skin #5 layer Contains cells (melanocytes) for melanin
Melanin’s function
Absorbs ultraviolet radiation and protects against DNA damage
Where do stem cells come from?
Stratum basale
Two layers of the Dermis
Papillary & Reticular (superficial, deep)
As a result of more protein fibers, name the layers of the dermis from loose to dense.
Papillary, Reticular
Why is the connective tissue loose in the papillary layer of the dermis?
For the exchange of nutrients and fluids to epidermis
What in the dermis gives the skin elasticity and strength?
Collagen and elastic fibers
What does the papillary layer of the dermis contain that nourishes epidermis?
Capillaries
Hypodermis functions
Absorbs shock
Prevents heat loss from body insulates the deep body structures
Common site for drug injection because extensive vascular network
Other words for epidermis
Stratified squamous
First degree effects which layer(s) of skin? Symptoms? How long to heal?
Epidermis
Localized redness, swelling and pain
3-10 days
Second degree effects which layer(s) of skin? Symptoms? How long to heal?
Epidermis, dermis
2nd degree symptoms but blisters appear because of the extracellular fluid
3-4 weeks
Third degree effects which layer(s) of skin? Symptoms? How long to heal?
Epidermis, dermis and hypodermis
Burner area appears gray-white, cherry red, or black
No initial Edema (swelling (burn has gone thru area that provides fluid)) or pain (nerve endings destroyed), great fluid loss,
Grafting often necessary in larger burns
Fourth degree effects which layer(s) of skin? Symptoms? How long to heal?
Entire integument (epidermis, dermis, hypodermis) into underlying tendons, ligaments, muscle and bone
Black, charred or leathery Gray appearance
Amputation of appendages often required
Very challenging to survive
What are the two sweat glands?
Merocrine and Apocrine
What is the type of sweat and locations of merocrine sweat glands?
Water-like
Palms, soles of feet, and forehead
What is the type of sweat and locations of Apocrine sweat glands?
Sweat containing fat and protein (leads to body odor)
Axillary and genital areas
What are the names of a sweat duct from superficial to deep?
Sweat pore
Sweat gland duct
Sweat gland
Merocrine sweat gland function
Temperature regulation
Apocrine sweat gland function
Provide nutrients
What does Sebaceous gland in hypodermis do?
Secretes sebum (see-bum) oil
(Commonly found on face, neck, and trunk
Not on palms or soles)
Softens and lubricates hair and skin
Controlled by hormones (active during puberty)
What is the sebaceous gland close to?
Hair follicle
Where does hair grow from?
The hair bulb
Name the 4 parts of hair superficial to deep?
Shaft, hair follicle, hair bulb, hair papilla
Smooth muscle that responds to fear and temperature
Arrector Pili
What are the 3 sensory receptors in skin?
Meissner’s corpuscle
Afferent nerve endings
Pacinian corpuscle
What does meissner’s corpuscle do?
Received stimulation and can create impulse.
Picks up light changes and stimulation like tickle.
What do Bare (sensory) nerve endings do?
Pick up pain, heat and cold
What does the pacinian corpuscle do?
Senses pressure
Larger and deeper into dermis/hypodermis
