Gross Movement Of The Humam Body Flashcards
What are the functions of skeletal muscle?
Voluntary and reflexive movement
Regulate the entrance and exit of material (oral and anal)
Maintain body temperature (shivering)
What are the two components of every muscle?
Contractile portion (fleshy-referred to as muscle belly) composed of striated skeletal muscle Noncontractile portion (typically called tendon or aponeuroses sheets) composed of dense regular CT. Attach to/move: bone, organs (eye), skin (face)
Describe the structure of a muscle from deep to superficial.
Myofibrils-Myofibers (muscle fibers as a whole)- endomysium layer- fascicles- perimysium layer, named muscle- epimysium layer (dense irregular ct)
What is the structure of the motor unit?
1 multipolar motor neuron from spinal cord (axon)
All neuromuscular junctions (motor junctions)
All muscle fibers innervated by a single motor neuron
What is the neuromuscular junction?
Junction between the axon of a motor neuron and a muscle
What is a motor unit?
All the units going to a named muscle
What is another name for proximal attachments?
Origins
What is another word for distal attachments?
The Insertion
What are the basic rules of muscle movement?
- movement results only from muscle contraction or gravity
- contracted muscles only function at the joints they cross
- a muscle has the potential to act upon both attachment site, although primarily the distal attachment
- muscle contraction= muscle shortening=muscle movement (muscles only pull; can’t push)
What is the definition of flexion extension?
Increase in angle
Which direction is forward?
Flexion
Which direction is backward?
Extension
What are the two types of linear movements?
ABduction
ADduction
What is ABduction
Movement away from a designated midline
What is ADduction
Movement toward a designated midline
What are the 2 types of rotations?
Right and left
Medial and lateral
Medial: anterior aspect turns in
Lateral: anterior aspect turns out
What is the rotational movement pronation vs. supination?
Pronation: palm turned posteriorly
Supination: palm turned anteriorly
What are the movements of elevating the foot and elevating the heel?
Dorsiflexion and Plantarflexion
What are the movements soles turned in and soles turned out?
Inversion and eversion
What is the movement touching thumb to pads of fingers?
Opposition
What are the movements shoulders up and shoulders down
Elevation and
Depression
What is the movement that you can only make with ball and socket joints?
Circumduction
