Skeletal System

Question 1

Where is the Tibia?

Answer 1

Lower leg.

Question 2

Identify, from top to bottom the vertebral column.

Answer 2

Cervical.
Thoracic.
Lumbar.
Sacrum.
Coccyx.

Question 3

Identify the 3 different bones in the hand.

Answer 3

Carpals (wrist).
Metacarpals.
Phalanges.

Question 4

Identify the 3 different bones in the feet

Answer 4

Tarsals.
Metatarsals.
Phalanges.

Question 5

What does the term anterior mean?

Answer 5

Front of the body.

Question 6

What does the term posterior mean?

Answer 6

Back / rear of the body.

Question 7

What does the term lateral mean?

Answer 7

Away from the midline of the body.

Question 8

What does the term medial mean?

Answer 8

Towards the midline of the body.

Question 9

What does the term proximal mean?

Answer 9

Near the origin or root of the limb / area (the proximal of the arm is the shoulder).

Question 10

What does the term distal mean?

Answer 10

Away from the root or origin (the distal of the arm is towards the hand).

Question 11

Identify the 5 types of bone.

Answer 11

Long (Femur).
Short (tarsal / carpal).
Flat (cranium).
Sesamoid (patella).
Irregular (vertebrae).

Question 12

Identify 5 functions of the skeleton.

Answer 12

Support and shape.
Protection.
Attachment.
Source of red blood cell production.
Store of minerals (calcium).
Leverage (muscles lever on bones to create movement).
Weight Bearing (skeleton supports the weight of muscles).

Question 13

Identify an example of a fixed joint.

Answer 13

Cranium.

Question 14

Identify the main slightly moveable / cartilaginous joint.

Answer 14

Joints between each vertebrae.

Question 15

Identify the five synovial joints, which examples.

Answer 15

Hinge - Knee / elbow. 
Ball and Socket - hip / shoulder. 
Condyloid - wrist. 
Gliding - hand / feet - between carpals and tarsals.
Pivot - neck - C1/C2.
Saddle - thumb joint.

Question 16

What does synovial fluid do?

Answer 16

Lubricates joints and sits in a synovial membrane.

Question 17

What 2 responses occur in the skeletal system when you start to play sport?

Answer 17

Synovial Fluid becomes thinner and increases range of movement at joints.
Bones increase their uptake of calcium.

Question 18

What 2 long term adaptations occur in the skeletal system?

Answer 18

Increased bone density.

Increased strength of ligaments.

Question 19

What 3 additional factors effect the skeletal system?

Answer 19

Osteoarthritis - cartilage being worn away at joint ends.
Osteoporosis - weakening of bone caused by lack of vitamin D / ageing.
Age - resistance training when young can stunt growth / damage epiphyseal plates.