Skeletal System 6,7,8

Question 1

The skeleton of the body is made up of

Answer 1

Bones and cartilage, which are specialized connective tissue.

Question 2

Function of bones

Answer 2

Support the body
Facilitate movement
Produce blood cells
Protect the internal organs
Stores and release minerals, and fats

Question 3

Types of bones depending on shape

Answer 3

Long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones, small bone

Question 4

The gross anatomy of long bones

Answer 4

Long bone has two parts:
Diaphysis (shaft)
Epiphysis

Question 5

Diaphysis

Answer 5

Is the shaft of the bone between two epiphyseal ends.

Question 6

Medullary cavity

Answer 6

The hollow region in the diaphysis filled with yellow marrow in adults

Question 7

Compact bone

Answer 7

The wall of the diaphysis that is dense and hard

Question 8

Epiphysis

Answer 8

The proximal and distal epiphysis are the ends of the bone filled with spongy bone. Red marrow fills the space in the spongy bone.

Question 9

Endosteum

Answer 9

Lines the medullary cavity, where bone growth, repair, and remodeling occur.

Question 10

Periosteum

Answer 10

Tough membrane contains blood vessels and nerves that nourish it. It has capacity to form a new bone.

Question 11

Joints are, and articulate cartilage is

Answer 11

Where epiphysis meet other bone to form joints, the epiphysis are covered with articular cartilage a thin layer of hyaline cartilage that reduce friction and act as shock absorber

Question 12

Short bones are, structure, examples, and function

Answer 12

Roughly cube-like
Compact bone layer surrounding spongy bone mass
Carpal and tarsal bones
Provide stability and support, as well as some limited motion

Question 13

Flat bone structure, example, and function

Answer 13

Thin, flattened, and often curved
Parallel layers of compact bone with spongy layer between
Cranium consist of a layer of diploe (spongy bone), lined on either side by a layer of compact bone
Skull, sternum, scapula and ribs are examples
Flat bones serve as points of attachment for muscles and often protect internal organs

Question 14

Irregular bones structure, examples, and function

Answer 14

Irregular and shape
Consist of spongy bone with a thin outer layer of compact bone
Hip bones, vertebrae, facial bones
The vertebrae support and protect the spinal cord

Question 15

Sesamoid bone structure, where the are formed, where they are found. What is the bone and the function

Answer 15

Small round bone that is shaped like sesame seed
Formin tendons where a great deal of pressure is generated in a joint
Found in tendons associated with feet and hands and knees
The patellae only sesamoid bones found in common with every person
Protect tendons by helping them, overcome, compare, compressive force

Question 16

Types of the skeleton

Answer 16

Axial skeleton, and appendicular skeleton

Question 17

Axial skeleton consist of

Answer 17

Skull, vertebral column, and sternum

Question 18

Girdles

Answer 18

Attach limbs to axial skeleton

Question 19

Pectoral girdle

Answer 19

Consist of bones that hold the upper limbs in place clavicle, and scapula

Question 20

Pelvic girdle

Answer 20

Bones that hold the lower limbs in place, hip bones

Question 21

Skull bones organization

Answer 21

Cranial bones
Facial bones

Question 22

Cranial bones

Answer 22

Contains brain and special sense organs and provides muscle attachment

Question 23

Facial bones provide and contain

Answer 23

• site for facial muscle attachment
• contain cavities for special sense organs
• contain and protect openings for air and food passages
• secure teeth

Question 24

Gestation

Answer 24

Taste

Question 25

Olfaction

Answer 25

Smell

Question 26

Orbit cavity

Answer 26

Vision

Question 27

Cranial cavity is divided into 3 spaces, steps, fossa

Answer 27

• anterior cranial fossa
• middle cranial fossa
• posterior cranial fossa

Question 28

Cranial vault (calvaria; skullcap)

Answer 28

Forms the superior, lateral and posterior aspects as well as the forehead

Question 29

Cranial base

Answer 29

The cranial base is part of the cranial floor. It forms inferior aspect (base of the skull)

Question 30

Bones of the Skull A. Paired

Answer 30

1. Parietal 2. Temporal

Question 31

Bones of the Skull B. Unpaired

Answer 31

1. Frontal 2. Occipital 3. Sphenoid 4. Ethmoid

Question 32

The Mandible

Answer 32

Forms the lower jaw and has a curved ‘U’ shaped body and upward directed ramus
the only bone in the skull that is not connected to other bones by sutures, and is therefore the only mobile bone in the skull

Question 33

mental protuberance

Answer 33

The prominent “chin” of the mandible

Question 34

Cavities in the skull

Answer 34

-Cranial cavity
-Orbits
-Nasal cavity
-Paranasal sinuses
-Middle and inner ear cavity
-Oral cavity

Question 35

Openings in the skull

Answer 35

• Foramina
• Canals
• Fissures

Question 36

Cranial cavity

Answer 36

largest cavity, it encloses and supports the brain

Question 37

Orbits

Answer 37

contain eyeballs

Question 38

Paranasal sinuses

Answer 38

The frontal, maxillary, ethmoid, and sphenoid bones contain the paranasal sinuses. The mastoid bone contains air cells

Question 39

Fontanelles

Answer 39

are regions between the cranial bones that have not yet ossified completely. Sometimes referred to as the “soft spots” on a baby’s head They close by 15 months of age