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H.O.E > Skeletal System > Flashcards

Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

Abduction

A

Away from the midline

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2
Q

Adduction

A

Towards the midline

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3
Q

Acromion process of the scapula

A

Can be felt at the tip of the shoulder, has three functions.1.to form a protective cover for the shoulder joint 2. to form the attachment site for the clavicle 3. to provide attachment points for some of the shoulder muscles

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4
Q

Angular movments

A

bends rlative to another part of the structure; Flexion, extension, abduction, and Adduction

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5
Q

Articular cartilage

A

cartilage covering the ends of bones where they come together to form joints, has no perichondrium, blood vessels, or nerves

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6
Q

Atrophy

A

Disease when decrease in muscle size due to a decreased number of myofilaments; can occur due to a disuse of a muscle, as in paralysis

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7
Q

Ball-and-Socket Joint

A

consists of a ball (head) at the end of one bone and a socket in an adjacent bone into which a portion of the ball fits; shoulder and hip bones

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8
Q

Biceps brachii

A

long head, supraglenoid tubercle; radial tuberoisyt and aponeurosis of biceps brachii; musulocutaneous; flexes shoulder and elbow; supinates forearm and hand

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9
Q

Amphirathroses

A

Slightly moveable joint

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10
Q

Syntharthoroses

A

Non-moveable joints

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11
Q

Diaphoresis

A

Freely movable joints

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12
Q

Fibrous joint

A

Consist of two bones that are united by fibrous connective tissue, have no joint cavity, and exhibit little or no movement

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13
Q

Sutures

A

Are seams between the bones of the skull

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14
Q

Fontanel

A

Makes the skull flexible doing the birth process and allow for growth of the head after birth; no movement when older

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15
Q

Gomphroses

A

Are specialized joints consisting of pegs that fit into sockets and are held in place by fine bundles of regular collagenous connective tissue

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16
Q

Cartilaginous joints

A

Unite two bones by means of either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage

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17
Q

Synchondrosis

A

Consists of two bones jointed by hyaline cartilage where little or no movement occurs

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18
Q

Synovial Joints

A

contain synovial fluid and allow considerable movement between articulating bones

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19
Q

Articular Cartilage

A

a htin layer of hyaline cartilage on the articular suffices of bones within the synovial joints; provides a smooth surface where the bones meet

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20
Q

Meniscus

A

crescent shape; a fibrocartilage pad found in joints such as the knee and wrist

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21
Q

Synovial membrane

A

the joint capsule consists of two layers; this in the inner layer

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22
Q

Tendon Sheath

A

Bursae extension along tendons for some distance

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23
Q

Bursitis

A

inflammation of a bursa, may cause considerable pain around the joint and restrict movement

24
Q

Appositional Growth

A

to place one layer of bone, cartilage, or other connective tissue against and existing layer

25
Q

Axial Skelton

A

Skull, vertebral column, and rib cage

26
Q

Atlas

A

C1; allows you to nod yes

27
Q

Axis

A

C2; Allows you to nod no

28
Q

Bursa (bursae if two)

A

Closed sac or pocket containing synovial fluid, usually found in areas where friction occurs

29
Q

Carpal

A

Bone of the wrist

30
Q

Circumduction

A

movement in a circular movement

31
Q

Clavicle

A

The collarbone, between the sternum and scapula

32
Q

Compact bone

A

Bone that is denser and has fewer spaces than cancellous bone

33
Q

Diaphysis

A

Shaft of long bone

34
Q

Endosteum

A

Membranous lining of the medullary cavity and the cavities of spongy bone

35
Q

Epiphyseal line

A

Dense plate of bone in a bone that is no longer growing, indicating the former site of the epiphyseal plate

36
Q

Epiphyseal plate

A

Site at which bone growth in length occurs; located between the epiphysis and diaphysis of a long bone; area of hyaline cartilage where cartilage growth is followed by endchondral ossification; also called metaphysics or growth plate

37
Q

Epiphysis

A

Portion of a bone developed from a secondary ossification center and separated from the remainder of the bone by the epiphyseal plate

38
Q

Eversion

A

Turning outwards

39
Q

Extension

A

to stretch out

40
Q

Flexion

A

Bending

41
Q

Foramen;Foramina

A

Hole

42
Q

Foramen Magnum

A

Hole; where the spine connects to the head; part of the occipital bone

43
Q

Haversian Canal

A

named for seventeenth-century English anatomist Clopton Havers; Canal containing blood vessels, nerves, and loose connective tissue and running parallel to the long axis of the bone

44
Q

Hematoporesis/Hemopoiesis

A

Formation of the formed elements of blood-that is, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

45
Q

Hyaline Cartilage

A

Gelatinous, glossy cartilage tissue consisting of cartilage cells and their matrix; contains collagen, proteoglycans, and water

46
Q

Hydroxyaphatite

A

Mineral of bone and teeth

47
Q

Hyoid Bone

A

Shaped like the Greek letter E; u shaped bone between the mandible and larynx; when hung this brakes and cuts your airway off

48
Q

Inversion

A

Turning inwards

49
Q

Medullary Cavity

A

Large, marrow-filled cavity in the diaphysis of a long bone

50
Q

Nasal Septum

A

Bony partition that separates the nasal cavity into left and right parts; composed of the vomer, the perpindicular plate of the ethmoid bone, and hyaline cartilage

51
Q

Opposition

A

Movement of the thumb and little finger toward each other; movement of the the thumb toward any of the fingers

52
Q

Osteoblast

A

Bone-forming cell

53
Q

Osteoclast

A

Large, multinucleate cell that absorbs bone

54
Q

Osteocyte

A

Mature bone cell surrounded by bone matrix

55
Q

Osteomalacia

A

Softening of bones due to calcium depletion; adult rickets

56
Q

Osteon

A

Central canal containing blood capillaries and the concentric lamellae around it; occurs in compact bone; also called haversian system

57
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Reduction in quantity of bone, resulting in pours bone

H.O.E (7 decks)

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