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Gsce Pe > Skeletal System > Flashcards

Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the Axial skeleton?

A

Support and protection

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2
Q

What is the function of the Appendicular skeleton?

A

Movement

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3
Q

Name the 4 locations where the appendicular skeleton is used.

A

The arms, Shoulders, Ilium and the legs

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4
Q

Name the 3 locations of the Axial skeleton.

A

Cranium, Sternum and vertebrae

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5
Q

What is the head bone called?

A

Cranium

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6
Q

What is the front of the shoulder called?

A

Clavicle

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7
Q

What is the back of the shoulder called?

A

Scapula

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8
Q

What is the chest bone called?

A

Sternum

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9
Q

What is the upper arm called?

A

Humerus

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10
Q

What is the spinal bone called?

A

Vertebrae

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11
Q

What is the outside of the lower arm called?

A

Radius

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12
Q

What is the inside of the lower arm called?

A

Ulna

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13
Q

What is the top of you hand called?

A

Carpals

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14
Q

What is the middle of your hand called?

A

Metacarpals

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15
Q

What are the tip of your fingers called?

A

Phalanges

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16
Q

What is the hip area called?

A

Ilium

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17
Q

What is the thigh bone called?

A

Femur

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18
Q

What is the outside shin bone called?

A

Tibia

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19
Q

What is the inside shin bone called?

A

Fibula

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20
Q

What is the knee cap bone called?

A

Patella

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21
Q

What is the top of your foot called?

A

Tarsals

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22
Q

What is the mid point of your foot called?

A

Metatarsals

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23
Q

What is the tip of your toes called?

A

Phalanges

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24
Q

What is the only bone that appears twice in the body?

A

Phalanges

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25
Q

What are the 6 functions of the skeletal system?

A

Protection
Movement
Posture
Support
Storage of minerals
Blood cell protection

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26
Q

What does support from the skeleton allow us to do?

A

Stand

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27
Q

What are bones held together by?

A

Ligaments

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28
Q

What does the bones of the body ensure?

A

A rigid structure and framework

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29
Q

What does a framework in the body allow?

A

Muscles to be attached

30
Q

Name a sporting example of an athlete who requires support from the skeleton.

A

A pole vaulter require support as they need to be straight at the peak of the jump.

31
Q

What is the use of mineral storage and what does it do?

A

To make spongy bone matrix into rigid structures, this increases bone density and strength

32
Q

What do bones that store minerals release?

A

Calcium, phosphorus and magnesium.

33
Q

Where can red bone marrow be found?

A

The ribs, humerous, femur and vertebrae.

34
Q

What do all sporting activities require?

A

The transportation of oxygen

35
Q

How do muscles attach firmly to bones?

A

By tendons

36
Q

How is movement created?

A

By muscles contracting which then pulls on the bone.

37
Q

Name an athlete that require movement.

A

Every athlete

38
Q

Why do some parts of the body need protecting?

A

As their are delicate

39
Q

What do specific bones protect?

A

They protect Vital organs from impact and injuries

40
Q

What does the cranium protect?

A

The brain

41
Q

What does the rib cage protect?

A

The lungs and heart

42
Q

What does the skeleton do?

A

Act as a framework

43
Q

What does posture do?

A

Hold us upright

44
Q

Why does a gymnast need a good posture?

A

As it makes their performance more aesthetically pleasing which results in more points awarded

45
Q

What are the 2 types of joints?

A

Ball and socket, hinge

46
Q

What is a synovial joint?

A

A freely moveable joint where 2 or more bones meet in which the bones surfaces are covered by cartilage and connected by fibrous connective tissues capsule lined with synovial fluid.

47
Q

What are the 6 movements that happen at a joint?

A

Extension
Flexion
Rotation
Abduction
Addiction
Circumduction

48
Q

What 2 movements in occur at a hinge joint?

A

Extension and flexion

49
Q

What movements happen at a ball and socket joint?

A

All of them

50
Q

Name 2 examples of a ball and socket joint.

A

Shoulder and hip

51
Q

Name 2 examples of a hinge joint.

A

Elbow and knee

52
Q

What happens to the angle of the joint during extension?

A

The angle at the joint is increased

53
Q

What is extension?

A

Straitening and extending of a joint

54
Q

Name a sporting example of extension

A

A jab in boxing

55
Q

What happens to the angle at a joint during flexion?

A

The angle is decreased

56
Q

What is flexion?

A

Bending and flexing of a limb

57
Q

Name a sporting example of flexion

A

When a ball is kicked as the leg is flexed at the knee

58
Q

What is abduction?

A

The sideways movement of a limb away from the midline of the body

59
Q

Name a sporting example of abduction

A

The first stage of a star jump

60
Q

What is adduction

A

Movement towards the centre line of the body.

61
Q

Name a sporting example of adduction

A

The second stage of a star jump

62
Q

What is rotation?

A

This is where the bone/limb turns about its longitudinal axis/joint( pivots around a point)

63
Q

What is circumduction?

A

Continuous circular movement of a limb around a joint

64
Q

What is circumduction a combination off?

A

Abduction, extension, flexion and rotation

65
Q

Name a sporting example of circumduction?

A

A swimmer during front crawl

66
Q

What are the 3 crucial components?

A

Ligaments, tendons and cartalidge

67
Q

What do tendons connect?

A

Muscle to bone

68
Q

What is cartilage?

A

Tough, elastic, fibarus connective tissue

69
Q

What does cartilage act as?

A

Shock absorber

70
Q

What is the function of cartilage?

A

Reduced friction and acts as a shock absorber for joints

71
Q

Where is synovial fluid found?

A

A joint capsule

72
Q

What are the 4 functions of synovial fluid?

A
  1. Lubricates the joint
  2. Keeps bone slightly apart
  3. Acts as a filler so nutrients can reach cartilage
  4. Helps absorb shock

Gsce Pe (6 decks)

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