SKELETAL SYSTEM

Question 1

patellae is an example of _____ bone

Answer 1

sesamoid

Question 2

extends from the coxofemoral (hip) joint to the stifle (the joint corresponding to the human knee)

Answer 2

femur

Question 3

have well-developed articular processes to
accommodate the large range of motion of the neck o atlas is the first cervical vertebra; axis is the second cervical vertebra

Answer 3

cervical vertebrae

Question 4

immediately distal to the carpus; single large bone in horse, while fused 3rd and 4th metacarpal bon in ox and sheep and called cannon bone; pig has 4

Answer 4

metacarpus

Question 5

bone-producing cells; forms bone matrix

Answer 5

osteoblasts

Question 6

rostral bone in swine, the soft tissue of the external nares

Answer 6

os rostri

Question 7

a classification of bone wherein bones are relatively thin and expanded in two dimensions; diploe (spongy material that separates lamina externa from interna); chiefly for protection of vital organs.

Answer 7

flat bones

Question 8

composed of multiple small bones; it corresponds to the human ankle

Answer 8

tarsus(hock)

Question 9

contain the teeth of the upper dental
arcade (although the incisive bones lack teeth in ruminants)

Answer 9

maxillae and incisive bones

Question 10

_______forms the ventrum of the bony thorax and gives attachment to the costal cartilages of the ribs as well as providing a bony origin for the pectoral muscles. Cranial extremity of the sternum is the manubrium; the middle portion is the body; and the caudal extremity is the xiphoid process

Answer 10

sternum

Question 11

______ vertebrae form the bony basis for the tail

Answer 11

caudal

Question 12

anatomical term for arm bone

Answer 12

humerus

Question 13

presents numerous openings for passage of the
olfactory nerves (sense of smell)

Answer 13

ethmoid bone

Question 14

the space surrounded by the cortex of a long bone

Answer 14

medullary cavity/ marrow cavity

Question 15

in mammals, the radius is the larger of the two, although in birds it is smaller than the ulna; fused in equine and bovine, not fused in dogs and cats

Answer 15

radius and ulna

Question 16

contain air spaces or sinuses that communicate with the atmosphere.

Answer 16

pneumatic bones

Question 17

_______and digits of the pelvic limb are similar to the metacarpus and digits of the thoracic limb

Answer 17

metatarsus

Question 18

the bone is composed of ___ organic framework of fibrous tissues and cells

Answer 18

1/3

Question 19

number 1 to 5, depending on the species; In the horse, the proximal phalanx is also called the long pastern bone; the middle phalanx corresponds to the short pastern bone; and distal phalanx is also known as the coffin bone.

Answer 19

digits

Question 20

a layer of hyaline cartilage within the metaphysis of an immature bone that separates the diaphysis from the epiphysis; area in which a bone can increase in length

Answer 20

epiphyseal cartilage

Question 21

has cornual process (bony projections), except polled animals

Answer 21

frontal bone

Question 22

refers to the bone stem cell

Answer 22

osteogenic cell

Question 23

a classification of bone wherein bones are greater in one dimension than any other; function chiefly as levers and aid in support, locomotion, and prehension.

Answer 23

long bones

Question 24

collagen and polysaccharides called _________, which contain chondroitin sulfate.

Answer 24

glycosaminoglycans

Question 25

refers to either end of a long bone; extremities of a long bone

Answer 25

epiphysis

Question 26

a classification of bone wherein bones are cuboid, or approximately equal in all dimensions; interior is composed of spongy bone filled with marrow spaces; absorb concussion, and they are found in complex joints.

Answer 26

short bones

Question 27

bone-destroying cells; resorbs bone

Answer 27

osteoclasts

Question 28

a classification of bone that resembles a sesame seed. It reduces friction, increase leverage, or change the direction of pull

Answer 28

sesamoid bones

Question 29

contain the middle and inner ears

Answer 29

temporal bones

Question 30

roofed by the maxillae and incisive bones and by the palatine bone; ventrolaterally - the mandible

Answer 30

oral

Question 31

In the axial skeleton, cranial part of the skull: caudal and dorsal walls - occipital, parietal, interparietal, and frontal bones; lateral and ventral walls – temporal and sphenoid bones; rostral wall – ethmoid bone

Answer 31

Cranium

Question 32

a fibrous membrane that lines the marrow cavity

Answer 32

endosteum

Question 33

cardiac skeleton in bovine; around the origin of the aorta and pulmonary artery at the base of the heart

Answer 33

os cordis

Question 34

_______are unpaired bones on the median plane; unpaired bones; protection, support, and muscular attachment

Answer 34

irregular bones

Question 35

_________of a mature bone is the flared area adjacent to the epiphysis; area where the cortical bone become thinner

Answer 35

metaphysis

Question 36

spongy; composed of spicules arranged to form a porous network; the spaces are usually filled with marrow

Answer 36

cancellous bone

Question 37

a fibrous membrane that covers the surface of a bone except where articular cartilage is located

Answer 37

periosteum

Question 38

composed of two rows of small bones in the thoracic limb

Answer 38

carpus

Question 39

_______ indicates the number of vertebrae in each segment of the spinal column.

Answer 39

vertebral formula

Question 40

have large, flat transverse processes that project laterad

Answer 40

lumbar vertebrae

Question 41

species with the highest thoracic vertebral formula

Answer 41

horse

Question 42

denotes the bony socket that protects the eye; surrounded by portions of the frontal, lacrimal, and zygomatic bones

Answer 42

orbit

Question 43

characterized by well-developed spinous processes and articular facets for the ribs

Answer 43

thoracic vertebrae

Question 44

_____in all animals is a relatively flat triangular bone; birds and primates have clavicle (collarbone)

Answer 44

scapula

Question 45

contains all of the lower teeth and gives attachment to some of the muscles associated with chewing and swallowing

Answer 45

mandible

Question 46

species with the highest cervical and lumbar vertebral formula

Answer 46

chicken

Question 47

are the bones of the true leg (crus)

Answer 47

tibia and fibula

Question 49

maintains bone tissue

Answer 49

osteocytes

Question 50

_________form the lateral walls of the bony thorax.

Answer 50

ribs

Question 51

dense or cortical; the hard layer that constitutes the exterior of most bones and forms almost the entire shaft of long bones

Answer 51

compact bone

Question 52

the bone is composed of ___ inorganic component

Answer 52

2/3

Question 53

supports the brain and pituitary gland

Answer 53

sphenoid bone

Question 54

a thin layer of hyaline cartilage that covers the articular (joint) surface of a bone

Answer 54

articular cartilage

Question 55

identify the classification of the following bones: Femur, tibia, fibula, metatarsals, humerus, ulna, radius, metacarpals, phalanges

Answer 55

long bones

Question 56

bounded dorsally by the nasal bones, laterally by the maxillae and incisive bones, and ventrally by the palatine processes of the maxillae, incisive, and palatine bones; vomer bone – separates the nasal passages; conchae (turbinate bone) – scroll like; projects into the nasal passage

Answer 56

nasal

Question 57

fused to form a single wedge-shaped bone, the sacrum

Answer 57

sacral vertebrae

Question 58

penile bone (baculum or os priapi) in the canine family, also in gorilla and chimpanzee; located above the male urethra, and it aids sexual reproduction by maintaining sufficient stiffness during sexual penetration.

Answer 58

os penis

Question 59

the cylindrical shaft of a long bone between the two epiphyses

Answer 59

Diaphysis

Question 60

Carpals and tarsals are examples of what classification of bone?

Answer 60

short bones

Question 61

consists of a circle of bones comprises three bones (ilium, the ischium, and the pubis) which are fused to form the os coxae, or pelvic bone

Answer 61

pelvis