MUSCULAR SYSTEM Flashcards
found only in the wall of the heart; unique property of auto-rhythmicity; contractions are involuntary and have and intrinsic rhythm; intercalated discs that help hold adjacent cells together and transmit the force of contraction from cell to cell; has striated, branched uninucleated fibers
cardiac muscles
pull a limb toward the median plane
adductor
The more moveable bony attachment of the muscle.
insertion
occur mainly in blood vessels, and tubular organs in the GI tract, reproductive, urinary, and respiratory systems; under autonomic control - they are involuntary; muscle fibers are unstriated and contain a single nucleus; has spindle-shaped, nonstriated uninucleated fibers; occurs in the walls of internal organs
smooth muscles
property of muscle that responds to stimulition from nerve impulses
irritability/electrical excitability
the fleshy thick part of the muscle; also called the gaster.
belly
directly opposite that of the agonists
antagonists
sheath covering the entire muscle
epimysium
muscles directly responsible for producing the desired action
agonist
refers to the state of muscle contraction
tonus
responds to stimuli by contracting lengthwise, or shortening
contractility
are dense connective tissue that attaches the muscle to bone.
tendon
the less moveable attachment of the muscle
origin
decreases the angle of the joint
flexor
has striated, tubular, multinucleated fibers; is usually attached to the skeleton; is voluntary
skeletal muscles
move the limb away from the median plane
abductor
another sheath covering that binds groups of muscle fibers together into bundles called fasciculi o supports the nerves and blood vessels that serve the surrounding fasciculi
perimysium
increases the angle of the joint
extensor
refers to the body heat production
homeostasis
binds individual fibers together and supports
capillaries and nerve endings
endomysium
muscle can be stretched up to 30% of its resting length
extensibility
a fibrous connective tissue that covers the muscle and
attaches to the skin.
fascia
after being stretched, have a tendency to recoil to their original resting length
elasticity
Muscles that encircle an opening; either striated or smooth
sphincter
muscles that oppose any undesired action of the agonists
synergists
