Skeletal System Flashcards
How many bones is the skeletal system made up of
206 bones
What are superior bones
Bones that are towards the top of the body
What are inferior bones
away from the head/ lower
Anterior Bones
Bones towards the front of the body
Posterior Bones
Towards the back of the body
Medial Bones
towards the middle or centre
Lateral Bones
to the side or away from the middle of the body
Proximal Bones
closer to the middle than any other part
Distal Bones
situated away from the middle of the body
Long bones
Femur, Tibia, humerus, scapula, mandible, ulna, radius, phalanges
Short bones
Carpals, Patella, Tarsals
Irregular Bones
vertebrae, lumbar, Thoracic vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx, mandible
Flat bones
skull, scapula, sternum, rib
Articular cartilage
smooth tissue that covers the ends of bones where they with come into contact with other bones (at joints).
Compact Bone
is the bone that consists of closely packed osteons or haversian systems.
Spongy bone
is the bone that produces blood cells and where minerals are stored.
Periosteum
is the layer of blood vessels and tissue that surround the bone.
Bone Marrow
produces blood stem cells that can become red blood cells
Diaphysis
is the shaft of a long bone and contains the bone marrow.
Epiphysis
is the end part of a long bone and is important for the growth of the bone/body.
What joints are immovable
Fibrous Joints
What joints are slightly movable
Cartilaginous joints
Freely Movable Joints
Synovial Joints
Abduction
Movement away from the middle of the body
Adduction
When a joint moves a part of the body towards the middle
Flexion
A bending movement around a joint in a limb
Extension
A physical position that increases the angle between the bones
Hyperextension
A joint that has more than normal range of motion
Dorsiflexion
The backward bending and contracting of your hand or foot
Plantarflexion
a movement in which the top of your foot points away from your leg
inversion
The action of pointing the soul of your foot inward
Eversion
Moving the soul of the foot facing towards the body
Pronation
Turning the palm over to face downwards.
Supination
Turning the palm of the hand to face upwards.
Rotation
One bone turning on top of another. Occurs when you turn your head to look sideways.
Circumduction
Making one complete circle around the point of attachment. Windmills with your shoulder/arms.
Elevation
Moving your head back to look up in the sky.
Depression
Moving your head down to look at your toes.
Protraction
Moving your head forward, without looking down.
Retraction
Moving your head backwards, usually gives you those double chins!!
