Skeletal System

Question 1

Axial Skeleton

Answer 1

The bones of the skull, vertebral column, thorax, and sternum.

Question 2

Appendicular Skeleton

Answer 2

Bones of the limbs and limb girdles that are attached to the axial skeleton.

Question 3

Compact Bone

Answer 3

Dense and looks smooth and homogeneous.

Question 4

Spongy Bone

Answer 4

Composes of small needle like pieces of bone and lots of open space.

Question 5

Long Bones

Answer 5

Typically longer than they are wide.

Question 6

Short Bones

Answer 6

Generally cube-shaped and contain mostly spongy bone.

Question 7

Flat Bones

Answer 7

Thin, flattened, and usually curved.

Question 8

Irregular Bones

Answer 8

Bones that do not fit into any category.

Question 9

Diaphysis

Answer 9

AKA Shaft, makes up most of the bone’s length and is composed of compact bone.

Question 10

Periosteum

Answer 10

Covers and protects the diaphysis. It is a fibrous connective tissue membrane.

Question 11

Epiphyseal Line

Answer 11

A thin line of bony tissue spanning the epiphysis that looks a bit different from the bone in that area.

Question 12

Hematoma

Answer 12

When a bone breaks, blood vessels are ruptured and a blood filled swelling called a ________ is formed.

Question 13

Cranium

Answer 13

Encloses and protects the fragile brain tissue.

Question 14

Occipital Bone

Answer 14

The most posterior bone of the cranium. Forms the floor and back wall of the skull.

Question 15

Vertebral Column

Answer 15

AKA spine. Extends from the skull, which it supports, to the pelvis, where it transmits the weight of the body to the lower limbs.

Question 16

Vertebrae

Answer 16

Bones that make up the spine.

Question 17

Intervertebral Discs

Answer 17

Separates the single vertebrae. Made up of pads of flexible fibrocartilage which cushion the vertebrae and and absorb shocks while allowing the spine to be flexible.

Question 18

Cervical Vertebrae

Answer 18

Form the neck region of the spine.

Question 19

Thoracic Vertebrae

Answer 19

All typical and larger than the cervical vertebrae.

Question 20

Lumbar Vertebrae

Answer 20

Have massive block-like bodies. They are short and hatchet-shaped. In the lower back.

Question 21

Sacrum

Answer 21

Formed by the fusion of five vertebrae. Inferiorly connects with the coccyx.

Question 22

Coccyx

Answer 22

Formed by the fusion of three to five tiny, irregularly shaped vertebrae. AKA tailbone.

Question 23

Sternum

Answer 23

AKA breastbone. A typical flat bone and the result of the fusion of three bones: the manubrium, body, and xiphoid processes.

Question 24

Ribs

Answer 24

Form the walls of the bony thorax.

Question 25

Clavicle

Answer 25

AKA collarbone. A slender, doubly curved bone.

Question 26

Scapulae

Answer 26

AKA shoulder blades. Triangular and called “wings” because they flare when we move our arms posteriorly.

Question 27

Humerus

Answer 27

Forms the arm and is a typical long bone.

Question 28

Radius

Answer 28

The bone that is on the thumb-side of the forearm. Runs all the way up the arm.

Question 29

Ulna

Answer 29

The bone on the pinky-side of the forearm. Runs all the way up the arm.

Question 30

Carpal Bones

Answer 30

There are eight of them. Arranged in two irregular rows of four bones each to form the wrist.

Question 31

Pelvic Girdle

Answer 31

Formed by two coxal bones, AKA hip bones.

Question 32

Femur

Answer 32

AKA thigh bone. Only bone in the thigh. Heaviest and strongest bone in the body.

Question 33

Tibia

Answer 33

AKA shinbone. One of the two bones that form the leg. Larger than the other bone and more medial.

Question 34

Fibula

Answer 34

Lies alongside the Tibia and helps to form the leg. It is thin and stick-like.