Skeletal System

Question 1

functions of the skeletal system

Answer 1

support
protection
movement
blood cell production
storage

Question 2

skeletal system is divided into 2 divisions namely

Answer 2

axial skeleton - skull, ribs, vertebra
appendicular skeleton - pelvis, extremeties

Question 3

o Arms, legs, fingers, toes
o Covered with dense connective tissues

Answer 3

long bone

Question 4

o Generally cube-shape
o Mostly sponge bone
o E.g. carpals of wrist

Answer 4

short bone

Question 5

o Thin and flattened
o Thin layers of compact bone around a layer of spongy bone
o Parietal bone of skull

Answer 5

flat bones

Question 6

o Do not fit into other bone classification categories
o Vertebra

Answer 6

irregular bones

Question 7

o produce bone matrix and become osteocytes

Answer 7

osteoblasts

Question 8

o connect to one another through cell extensions and surround themselves w/ bone matrix

Answer 8

osteocytes

Question 9

 formation of new bone by osteoblasts
 occurs by appositional growth on the surface

Answer 9

ossification

Question 10

 occurs within connective tissue membranes

Answer 10

Intramembranous ossification

Question 11

 occurs within cartilage

Answer 11

Endochondral ossification

Question 12

composed of the skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage

Answer 12

axial skeleton

Question 13

composed of pectoral and pelvic girdle; upper and lower limbs

Answer 13

appendicular skeleton

Question 14

has 22 bones
joined by sutures
only the mandible is attached by a freely movable joint

Answer 14

skull

Question 15

o 8 bones
o Protect brain and form attachment points for the meninges on the interior and the muscles that move the head on the exterior

Answer 15

cranial bones

Question 16

o 14 bones
o House the openings to the airways and digestive system
o Protect the sensory organs
o Provide attachments for facial muscles

Answer 16

facial bones

Question 17

o Protects the spinal cord
o Supports the head and neck
o Permits movement
o Provides attachment points for back muscles, ribs, pelvis
o 26 bones

Answer 17

vertebral column

Question 18

o 7 bones
o Neck region

Answer 18

cervical vertebrae

Question 19

o 12 bones
o Posterior to chest cavity
o Serve as attachment for ribs

Answer 19

thoracic vertebrae

Question 20

o 5 bones form the lower back

Answer 20

lumbar vertebrae

Question 21

5 fused vertebrae; forms the posterior wall of pelvis; blood vessels pass thru the openings

Answer 21

sacrum

Question 22

aka tailbone; 4 fused vertebrae

Answer 22

coccyx

Question 23

o Ribs and sternum form the framework for the thorax
o Sternum made of 3 parts = fuse by age 25
o 24 ribs (12 pairs)

Answer 23

thoracic cage

Question 24

o Shoulder girdle which attach the upper limbs to the axial skeleton

Answer 24

pectoral girdle

Question 25

o Hip bones
o Composed of 3 pair of fused bones
o Protects several organs
o Reproductive organs
o Urinary bladder
o Parts of the large intestine

Answer 25

pelvic girdle

Question 26

function of joints

Answer 26

1. Hold bones together
2. Allow for mobility

Question 27

immovable joints

Answer 27

Synarthroses

Question 28

slightly movable joints

Answer 28

amphiartrosis

Question 29

freely movable joints

Answer 29

diarthroses

Question 30

o generally movable
o Bones united by fibrous tissue

Answer 30

fibrous joints

Question 31

o immovable or slightly moveable
o Bones connected by cartilage

Answer 31

cartilaginous joints

Question 32

o freely movable
o Articulating bones are separated by joint cavity
o Synovial fluid is found in the joint cavity

Answer 32

synovial joints