Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

functions of the skeletal system

A

support
protection
movement
blood cell production
storage

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2
Q

skeletal system is divided into 2 divisions namely

A

axial skeleton - skull, ribs, vertebra
appendicular skeleton - pelvis, extremeties

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3
Q

o Arms, legs, fingers, toes
o Covered with dense connective tissues

A

long bone

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4
Q

o Generally cube-shape
o Mostly sponge bone
o E.g. carpals of wrist

A

short bone

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5
Q

o Thin and flattened
o Thin layers of compact bone around a layer of spongy bone
o Parietal bone of skull

A

flat bones

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6
Q

o Do not fit into other bone classification categories
o Vertebra

A

irregular bones

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7
Q

o produce bone matrix and become osteocytes

A

osteoblasts

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8
Q

o connect to one another through cell extensions and surround themselves w/ bone matrix

A

osteocytes

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9
Q

 formation of new bone by osteoblasts
 occurs by appositional growth on the surface

A

ossification

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10
Q

 occurs within connective tissue membranes

A

Intramembranous ossification

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11
Q

 occurs within cartilage

A

Endochondral ossification

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12
Q

composed of the skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage

A

axial skeleton

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13
Q

composed of pectoral and pelvic girdle; upper and lower limbs

A

appendicular skeleton

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14
Q

has 22 bones
joined by sutures
only the mandible is attached by a freely movable joint

A

skull

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15
Q

o 8 bones
o Protect brain and form attachment points for the meninges on the interior and the muscles that move the head on the exterior

A

cranial bones

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16
Q

o 14 bones
o House the openings to the airways and digestive system
o Protect the sensory organs
o Provide attachments for facial muscles

A

facial bones

17
Q

o Protects the spinal cord
o Supports the head and neck
o Permits movement
o Provides attachment points for back muscles, ribs, pelvis
o 26 bones

A

vertebral column

18
Q

o 7 bones
o Neck region

A

cervical vertebrae

19
Q

o 12 bones
o Posterior to chest cavity
o Serve as attachment for ribs

A

thoracic vertebrae

20
Q

o 5 bones form the lower back

A

lumbar vertebrae

21
Q

5 fused vertebrae; forms the posterior wall of pelvis; blood vessels pass thru the openings

22
Q

aka tailbone; 4 fused vertebrae

23
Q

o Ribs and sternum form the framework for the thorax
o Sternum made of 3 parts = fuse by age 25
o 24 ribs (12 pairs)

A

thoracic cage

24
Q

o Shoulder girdle which attach the upper limbs to the axial skeleton

A

pectoral girdle

25
o Hip bones o Composed of 3 pair of fused bones o Protects several organs o Reproductive organs o Urinary bladder o Parts of the large intestine
pelvic girdle
26
function of joints
1. Hold bones together 2. Allow for mobility
27
immovable joints
Synarthroses
28
slightly movable joints
amphiartrosis
29
freely movable joints
diarthroses
30
o generally movable o Bones united by fibrous tissue
fibrous joints
31
o immovable or slightly moveable o Bones connected by cartilage
cartilaginous joints
32
o freely movable o Articulating bones are separated by joint cavity o Synovial fluid is found in the joint cavity
synovial joints