SKELETAL SYSTEM Flashcards
study of bone as tissue- its composition, functions, development, and grows
osteology
function of bones
support
protection
hematopoietic function
storage
leverage
function of bones and skeleton responsible for blood cell production
hematopoietic function
hard, dense connective tissue that forms most of the adult skeleton, the internal support structure of the body
osseous tissue
stem cells that give rise to most other bone cell types, occur in endosteum, resulting to osteoblasts
osteogenic cells
bone-forming cells wherein it promotes bone mineralization and synthesize of organic matter
osteoblasts
process of producing bone
osteogenesis
former osteoblasts trapped in the matrix and resides in lacunae which are interconnected by canaliculi
osteocytes
bone-dissolving/resorbing cells
osteoclasts
process of dissolving or resorbing bone
osteolysis
makes up 1/3 of bone and is for toughness and elasticity of the bone; made up of collagen, carbohydrates, fats, and proteins
organic elements
makes up 2/3 of bone and is responsible for hardness and brittleness; made up of hydroxyapatite (calcium salts, phosphate, carbonates)
inorganic elements
characteristics of bone
peritoneum
articular cartilage
endosteum
bone marrow
nutrient blood vessels
characteristic of bone that is vascular and is for protection, nutrition, repair and regeneration
peritoneum
characteristic of a bone that comes in contact with another bone to form a joint
articular cartilage
bone marrow inner membrane
endosteum
connective tissue found within bones
bone marrow
type of bone marrow responsible for red blood cell production
red bone marrow
type of bone marrow responsible for storage of fat
yellow bone marrow
nutrient foramen
a hole where nutrient blood vessel supplies the whole bone
microscopic appearance of a bone that is radiopaque
compact or dense bone
microscopic appearance of bone that is radioluscent
trabecular or spongy or cancellous bone
formed by the direct formation of condensed mesenchyme and resembles spongy bone that is formed inside a fibrous membrane; seen on flat bones
intramembranous or mesenchymal or dermal bone
shape of bones that for sustaining the weight of the trunk and is seen in clavicles, humerus, radius, etc.
long bone
part of a long bone that is thick walled and has a large space called medullary cavity filled with yellow bone marrow
shaft or diaphysis
part of a long bone that has red bone marrow
epiphysis
shape of bone that is cuboidal and is intended for strength and compactness
short bones
small bones that form within some tendons in response to strain
sesamoid bones
shape of bon that is for extensive protection of organs
flat bones
bone that is in long axis
axial skeleton
bone that is in lateral area
appendicular skeleton
total number of axial skeleton bones
80
enumerate number of bones in axial skeleton
skull - 22
ear ossicle - 6
hyoid bone - 1
vertebral column - 26
ribs - 12 x 2 = 24
sternum - 1
how many bones in appendicular skeleton
26
how many bones in the upper extremity
64
how many bones in the lower extremity
62
