INTRODUCTION TO GENERAL ANATOMY

Question 1

greek word meaning “to cut”

Answer 1

temniem

Question 2

study of the parts of the human body and their relationship to one another

Answer 2

human anatomy

Question 3

why study anatomy?

Answer 3

• analysis of clinical signs
• observation of clinical signs

Question 4

divisions of human anatomy

Answer 4

gross (macroscopic) anatomy
histology (microscopic) anatomy
developmental anatomy
neuroanatomy

Question 5

seen by naked senses

Answer 5

gross (macroscopic) anatomy

Question 6

study of the minute structures that can only be seen with the aid of microscope

Answer 6

histology (microscopic) anatomy

Question 7

study of the origin, growth, development of an organism from conception until birth; from one cell stage to the complex human being

Answer 7

developmental anatomy

Question 8

study of the nervous system

Answer 8

neuroanatomy

Question 9

materials used in the study of human anatomy

Answer 9

• drawings
• human models (ceramics, plastic, rubber, etc)
• human cadavers
• living anatomy

Question 10

methods of studying human anatomy

Answer 10

• structural units
• regional / topographical anatomy
• systematic anatomy
• imaging

Question 11

4 primary classes of tissues

Answer 11

• epithelial (for protection)
• connective (for support)
• nervous (specialized bc can transmit signals from one cell to another)
• muscular (contracting and relaxing)

Question 12

building blocks

Answer 12

structural units

Question 13

each region of the body studied separately

Answer 13

regional / topographical anatomy

Question 14

each system studied and followed throughout the entire body

Answer 14

systematic anatomy

Question 15

imaging

Answer 15

• radiographic anatomy (xrays)
• contrasting agents (liquid/reagents put in different structures of the body to be visible)
• subtraction and angiography (blood vessels yung nilalagyan ng reagent for visibility)

Question 16

application of knowledge gained to the actual practice

Answer 16

applied anatomy

Question 17

standard reference position of the body used to describe the location of structures

Answer 17

anatomical positions

Question 18

ideal body position

Answer 18

toes point forward
body standing upright
face looking forward
feet together, flat on the ground
closed mouth
thumbs pointing to the sides/laterally
palms face forward
neutral facial expression
eyes opened
arms hanging by the side

Question 19

anatomical planes

Answer 19

coronal plane, sagittal plane, transverse / horizontal / axial plane

Question 20

oriented vertically; divides body into anterior and posterior parts

Answer 20

coronal plane

Question 21

vertical; right angle to the coronal plane and divide the body into right and left parts

Answer 21

sagittal plane

Question 22

superior and inferior parts

Answer 22

transverse / horizontal / axial plane

Question 23

harap

Answer 23

anterior / ventral

Question 24

likod

Answer 24

posterior / dorsal

Question 25

organs or structures nearer to the median sagittal plane

Answer 25

medial

Question 26

organs or structures farther to the median sagittal plane

Answer 26

lateral

Question 27

nearer to the brain

Answer 27

cranial

Question 28

nearer to the nose

Answer 28

rostral

Question 29

nearer to the tailbone

Answer 29

caudal

Question 30

nearer to the outer surface; external to the outer layer of deep fascia

Answer 30

superficial

Question 31

most skeletal muscles and viscera

Answer 31

deep

Question 32

body lying face upward

Answer 32

supine

Question 33

body lying face downward

Answer 33

prone

Question 34

inner layer found against organ

Answer 34

visceral layer

Question 35

outer layer or most superficial layer of viscera

Answer 35

parietal layer

Question 36

continuous with each other and lined by 3 membrane layers

Answer 36

cranial cavity

Question 37

protection from hard protective bone that encloses delicate nervous tissue

Answer 37

meninges

Question 38

contains the spinal cord

Answer 38

spinal cavity

Question 39

contains the eye and its appendages

Answer 39

orbital cavity

Question 40

passageway of air

Answer 40

nasal cavity

Question 41

contains the teeth and the tongue

Answer 41

oral cavity

Question 42

separates thoracic from abdominopelvic cavity

Answer 42

diaphragm

Question 43

lining that secrete a lubricating film of moisture similar to blood serum

Answer 43

serous membrane

Question 44

two layered membrane which enfolds the heart

Answer 44

pericardium

Question 45

space that separates visceral and parietal layer

Answer 45

pericardial cavity

Question 46

serous membrane enfolding each lung

Answer 46

pleura

Question 47

serous membrane that lines abdominopelvic cavity

Answer 47

peritoneum

Question 48

lines cavity wall

Answer 48

parietal peritoneum

Question 49

lining that directly covers organs

Answer 49

visceral peritoneum / mesentery

Question 50

region consists of head, neck, trunk

Answer 50

axial region

Question 51

region consists of RUQ, RLQ, LUQ, LLQ (4 quadrants) or right, left, center areas (9 regions)

Answer 51

abdominal region

Question 52

region consists of upper limb, lower limb, and segment

Answer 52

appendicular region

Question 53

what consists of upper limbs / appandages / extermities

Answer 53

arm, forearm, wrist, hand, fingers

Question 54

what consists of lower limbs

Answer 54

thigh, leg, ankle, foot, toes

Question 55

region bet one joint and the next

Answer 55

segment