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Leslie Ramos > Skeletal System > Flashcards

Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

Two Types of Skeleton

A

Axial and appendicular

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2
Q

Axial

A

Supports the upright position and protects internal organs (80 bones) skull, vertebrate, rib cage, and sternum

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3
Q

Appendicular

A

Aid in the movement of the body (126 bones) pectoral girdle, arms, forearms, hands, pelvis, legs, feet, and ankles

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4
Q

Total Bones

A

206 bones

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5
Q

Skeletal System Functions

A

Support and protection, body movement, produces blood cells, storage of minerals and fats

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6
Q

Epiphysis

A

Bone ends

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7
Q

Diaphysis

A

Middle of bone

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8
Q

Articular Cartilage

A

End padding tissue on bone

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9
Q

Periosteum

A

Bone membrane

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10
Q

Medullary Cavity

A

Hollow chamber filled with bone marrow

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11
Q

Compact Bone Tissue

A

Wall of the diaphysis

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12
Q

Spongy Bone Tissue

A

Cancellous bone in epiphysis

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13
Q

Long Bones

A

Cylinder shaped, longer than its wide; leverage; tibia, fibula

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14
Q

Short Bones

A

Cube shaped, approximately equal in dimensions; stability, support, motion; carpals, tarsals

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15
Q

Flat Bones

A

Thin, curved; muscle attachments and organ protectors; sternum, ribs

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16
Q

Irregular Bones

A

Complex shaped; protect organs; vertebrae, facial bones

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17
Q

Sesamoid Bones

A

Small, round; protect tendons; patellae

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18
Q

Red Bone Marrow

A

White and blood cells

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19
Q

Yellow Bone Marrow

A

Fat

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20
Q

Pivot

A

Uniaxial; allows rotational movement; proximal radioulnar joint

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21
Q

Hinge

A

Uniaxial; allows flexion/extension movements; knee

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22
Q

Condyloid

A

Biaxial; allows flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, circumduction; joint of fingers

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23
Q

Saddle

A

Biaxial; allows flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, circumduction; sternoclavicular joint

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24
Q

Plane

A

Multiaxial; allows inversion/eversion; intertarsal joints of food

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25
Q

Ball-and-socket

A

Multiaxial; allows medial/lateral rotation movements; shoulder/hip joints

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26
Q

Flexion/Extension

A

Flexing and extending your arm

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27
Q

Adduction/Abduction/Circumduction

A

Add: arms close Ab: arms away C: move in circles

28
Q

Rotation

A

Medial/Lateral; head to left and middle

29
Q

Supination/Pronation

A

P: hand down S: hand up

30
Q

Dorsiflexion/Plantar Flexion

A

Ankle up, ankle down

31
Q

Inversion/Eversion

A

Ankle in, ankle out

32
Q

Protraction/Retraction

A

Head to front, head to back

33
Q

Depression/Elevation

A

Low shoulder, high shoulders

34
Q

Opposition/Reposition

A

Index and thumb together, normal hand

35
Q

Bones in Cranium

A

22 bones

36
Q

Movable Bone in Skull

A

The mandible (lower jaw)

37
Q

Five Vertebral Regions

A

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, and coccyx

38
Q

Vertebrae in Cervical

A

7 vertebrae in cervical (neck)

39
Q

Vertebrae in Thoracic

A

12 thoracic vertebrae (middle of spine)

40
Q

Vertebrae in Lumbar

A

5 lumbar vertebrae (lower back)

41
Q

Scoliosis

A

Curve in spine (Curve sideways)

42
Q

Kyphosis

A

Humpback (Curve outward)

43
Q

Lordosis

A

Swayback (Curve inward)

44
Q

Thoracic Cage

A

Protects heart and lungs

45
Q

Costal Cartilage

A

Rib bone connects to sternum (middle chest bone)

46
Q

Three Types of Ribs

A

True ribs (7) False ribs (3) Floating ribs (2)

47
Q

Pectoral Girdle

A

The clavicle and scapula

48
Q

Humerus

A

Top of the arm (shoulder to elbow)

49
Q

Radius

A

Outer bone of the forearm

50
Q

Ulna

A

Inner bone of the forearm

51
Q

Carpals

A

Wrist

52
Q

Metacarpals

A

Palm bones (between wrist and fingers)

53
Q

Phalanges

A

Fingers

54
Q

Femur

A

Thigh bone (between knee and pelvis)

55
Q

Tibia

A

Big bone in shin

56
Q

Fibula

A

Thin bone in shin

57
Q

Tarsals

A

Ankle

58
Q

Metatarsals

A

Bones between toes and ankles

59
Q

Open (simple)

A

There is an open wound or break in the skin near the site of the broken bone

60
Q

Closed (compounded)

A

If the injury doesn’t break open the skin

61
Q

Transverse

A

The bone perpendicular to the axis of the bone

62
Q

Oblique

A

The break has a curved or sloped pattern

63
Q

Spiral

A

Long bones that result from a rotational force applied to the bone

64
Q

Comminuted

A

Break of the bone into more than two fragments

65
Q

Impacted

A

When the broken ends of the bone are jammed together by the force of the injury

66
Q

Greenstick

A

When a bone bends and cracks

Leslie Ramos (8 decks)

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