Respiratory System Flashcards
Primary Functions
Provide oxygen to body tissues for cellular respiration and remove carbon dioxide
Secondary Functions
Sensing odors, speech production, straining
Conducting Zone
Moves air in and out of the lungs
Respiratory Zone
Moves gases in and out of the blood
Nose
Surface and skeletal structures
Pharynx
Throat situated immediately posterior to the mouth and nasal cavity
Larynx
Regulate air volume, sound production and protecting the trachea against food aspiration
Trachea
Tube that connects the pharynx or larynx to the lungs, allowing the passage of air
Alveolar Duct
Tube composed of smooth muscle and connective tissue
Alveolus
One of the many small, grape-like sacs that are attached to the alveolar ducts
Alveolar Sac
Cluster of many individual alveoli that are responsible for gas exchange
Boyle’s Law
P1V1 = P2V2
Boyle’s Law
Pressure and volume are inversely related
Inspiration
Breathing in
Expiration
Breathing out
Medulla Oblongata
The control center that tells us to breathe
Eupnea
Quiet breathing (normal breathing)
Diaphragmatic breathing
Deep breath (diaphragm to contract)
Hyperpnea
Forced breathing (manipulation of breathing)
Diaphragm
Main breathing muscle
Atelectasis
Collapsed lung
Pneumonia
Lung infection that can be caused by viruses or bacteria (inflammation)
Asthma
Body reaction to an allergy by causing constriction of the airways of the lungs
Emphysema
The alveolar air sacs are destroyed and the lung itself becomes “floppy”
Chronic Bronchitis
Inflamed airways which more carbon dioxide is produced
Pneumothorax
There is air inside the thoracic cavity and outside the lungs
Tuberculosis
Bacterial infection that thrives in areas of the body that have high oxygen
