Skeletal Muscle Key Terms Flashcards
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Structural protein of muscle that works with myosin to produce muscle contraction
Actin
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Occurs when a muscle is activated and shortens
Concentric Action
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Isotonic muscle contraction
Dynamic
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inner layer of connective tissue surrounding a muscle fiber
endomysium
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depolarization of a membrane by a sodium influx
end plate potential (EPP)
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outer layer of connective tissue surrounding a muscle fiber
epimysium
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Muscles that extend a limb
extensors
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Small bundle of muscle fiers
fascicle
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Called type II fibers, low oxadative capacity but high glycolytic capacity
fast-twitch fibers
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Muscles that cause flexion of a muscle
flexors
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Type IIa fibers, generates high force with moderatly fast speed of contraction
intermediate fibers
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Muscle develops tension, does not shorten or extend
isometric contraction
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see terminal cisternae
lateral sac
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Somatic neuron that innervates skeletal muscle
motor neurons
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describes a muscle movement
muscle action
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portion of muscle that contains thin and thick contractile filaments
myofibrils
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contractile protein in thick filament of myofibril that binds actin and splits ATP to cause tension development
myosin
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synapse between axon terminal of a motor neuron and motor end plate
neuromusclular junction
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connective tissue surrounding the fasciculus of muscle fibers
perimysium
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cell membrane surrounding muscle fiber
sarcolemma
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repeating contractile unit in myofibril bounded by Z lines
sarcomeres
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membranous structure that surrounds the myofibrils of a muscle cell
sarcoplasmic reticulum
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undifferentiated cell found adjacent to skeletal muscle fibers
satellite cells
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theory of muscle contraction describing the sliding of thin filaments (actin) past thick filaments (myosin)
sliding filament model
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muscle fiber that contracts slowly and develops low tension
slow-twitch fibers
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repeated stimulation of a muscle that leads to an increase in tension
summation
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a
swinging lever-arm model
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portion of SR near transverse tubule containing Ca++, also called Later Sac
terminal cisternae
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highest tension developed by muscle in response to high frequency of stimulation
tetanus
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conducts action potential into muscle to deploraize the terminal cisternae
transverse tubules
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protein covering actin-binding sites that prevent myosin cross-bridge from touching actin
tropmyosin
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protein that binds Ca++ and initiates movement of tropmyosin on actin to allow mysoin cross-bridge to touch actin
troponin
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tension-generating response following application of single stimulus to muscle
Twitch
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Contain large number of oxadative enzymes and are highly fatigue resistant
Type I fibers
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contain biochemical and fatigue characteristics between type IIb and type I fibers
Type IIa fibers
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a
Type IIx fibers
