Cardiovascular Flashcards
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large vessels that carry arterialized blood away from the heart
arteries
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small branch of an artery that communicates with a capillary network
arterioles
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specialized mass of muscle tissue located in the interventricular septum of the heart
atrioventricular node (AV)
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mechanism by which an organ regualtes blood flow to match the metabolic rate
autoregulation
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microscopic blood vessels that connect arterioles and venules
capillaries
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part of the sympathetic nervous system that stimulates the SA node to increase heart rate
cardiac accelerator nerves
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amount of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time
cardiac output
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the area of the medulla that regulates the cardiovascular system
cardiovascular control center
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the control of the cardiovascular or pulmonary system by cortical impulses
central command
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period of filling of the heart between contractions
diastole
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arterial blood pressure during diastole
diastolic blood pressure
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product of heart rate and systolic blood pressure
double product
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recording of the electrical changes that occur in the myocardium during the cardiac cycle
electrocardiogram
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a
heart rate variability
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portion of cardiac muscle cell where one cell connects to the next
intercalated disks
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a mixture of venous blood from both the upper and lower extremities
mixed venous blood
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cardiac muscle, provides the force of contraction to move blood
myocardium
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portion of the cardiovascular system involved in the circulation of blood from the right ventricle to the lungs and back to the left atrium
pulmonary circuit
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specialized tissue located in the right atrium of the heart that generates the electrical impulse to initiate the heart beat
sinoatrial node (SA)
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the amount of blood pumped by the ventricles in a single beat
stroke volume
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part of cardiac cycle where the ventricles are contracting
systole
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the highest artieral pressure measured during a cardiac cycle
systolic blood pressure
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a major parasympathetic nerve
vagus nerve
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blood vessels that return blood to the heart
veins
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small blood vessels carrying capillary blood to veins
venules
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resting heart rate is above 100 BPM
Tachycardia
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resting heart rate less than 60 BPM
bradycardia
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phosphatase activated by the increase in cytosolic calcium
calciuneurin
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principle of training describing the need to increase the load
overload
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principle of training that describes the temporary nature of a training effect
reversibility
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principle of training indicating that the adaptation of a tissue is dependent on the type of training undertaken
specificity
Heart rate plateau reached during constant rate of sunmaximal work
Steady-State Heart Rate
The left ventricle contracts out of sequence, before the atria
Premature Ventricular Contraction
three or more consecutive PVCs that can lead to ventricular fibrillation in which contraction of the ventricular tissue is uncoordinated
Ventricular Tachycardia
average pressure exerted by the blood as it travels through arteries
Mean arterial pressure (MAP)
